To be confirmed

• The exact street number of the Civil Government building on Rua Capelo, and the building’s current use; the stop is placed on that stretch of the street.
• The date on which the Lisbon Plenary Court began to sit at the Boa-Hora.

The machinery of repression

• Álvaro Cunhal’s first arrest: on 20 June 1937, according to Lisbon City Council, which says he was taken to the Aljube; on 21 July, according to Memória Comum, which does not say where.
• Whether Maria Barroso was at the Aljube on the day of the wedding: the sources say only that they married by proxy in the prison, where Soares was being held.
• When and why Maria Barroso was removed from the National Theatre: in 1948, on the orders of the police and the Ministry of Education, according to the Mário Soares and Maria Barroso Foundation and the National Culture Centre; the English Wikipedia places her removal around 1946, after a performance in Coimbra.

The figures of April

• The names of the 138 people put on display in 1940, which are in the exhibition papers kept in the Overseas Historical Archive, according to Cláudia Castelo: none of the sources consulted publishes them.
• Whether the “warehouse on Rua da Junqueira” where RTP filmed crates belonging to “retornados” in 1977 was the former Lisbon International Fair building, where the journalist Guilherme de Melo places the containers.
• In which years, besides those filmed by RTP (1961, 1962 and 1964), troops embarked at the Alcântara quay.
• The day the National Women’s Movement was received at Belém: the RTP news bulletin is dated 18 May 1966.

From the Padrão to the quay

• Carolina Beatriz Ângelo’s house: the present-day numbering of Rua do Sol ao Rato does not reach 181, and the stop is approximate.
• The street number of the last headquarters of the National Council of Portuguese Women, on Travessa da Fábrica das Sedas.
• Maria Lamas’s letter to Eugénio Bento Ferreira of 6 March 1947 (“a resounding success”; the Catholic press saw the Council as “a mortal danger to Woman and Morality”) was only read as Wikipedia quotes it, from the book “Cartas de Maria Lamas” (Campo das Letras, 2004), which was not consulted.

From Rato to the Park

• The exact location of the prefabricated lecture theatre on the present-day ISEG campus, and whether there is a plaque.
• When the Centre for African Studies moved into Rua Actor Vale: 1951 (António Tomás Medeiros) or 1954 (Wikipedia).

Students against the dictatorship

• The street number of the seamstresses’ former headquarters on Rua do Benformoso; the stop is placed on the street.

Graça, the women’s hill

• The times of day vary by up to half an hour between the chronologies (the occupation of the Terreiro do Paço between 05:50 and 06:10; the DGS shooting between 20:15 and 21:00). Those of the Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary and the 25 April Association have been used.
• Maria de Lurdes Rocha’s role appears only in Jofre Alves’s chronology (CD25A).

The first day

• Whether the two “A lição de Salazar” posters cited — the one on the “trilogy of national education” and the one on the “Corporative Estado Novo” — are among the seven panels made in 1938 for the tenth anniversary of Salazar at the Ministry of Finance: the Court of Auditors speaks of the seven panels, and the National Library records the two posters, from 1938, published by “Escola Portuguesa”.
• The year in which the National Information Secretariat poster addressed to women was made: 1945 or 1946, according to the National Library.
• Which women could vote in 1934: those with a special, secondary or higher education, according to the Assembly of the Republic; the historian Irene Flunser Pimentel adds unmarried women over 21 with their own income or in work, women who were heads of household, and married women who paid a certain amount of property tax.

The Estado Novo, explained

• That today’s street numbers (Rua Nova do Almada, 84; Praça dos Restauradores, 13; Rua dos Castelinhos, 6; Rua de Dona Estefânia, 62) correspond to the buildings of the time.
• The street number of the Dr Afonso Costa Republican School Centre on Calçada de Arroios.
• What the League asked of the Provisional Government in October 1910, besides the vote: Wikipedia says it also asked for a revision of the Civil Code and for divorce; the historian João Esteves and the newspaper “A Capital” speak only of a “broad representation of feminist demands”, among them the vote.

Carolina’s vote

• The date of Mário Soares’s arrival: Sunday 28 April in most of the Casa Comum photographs; another photograph and a blog give 27 April.
• The figures for May Day 1974 (around a million across the country, around five hundred thousand people in Lisbon) are estimates with no primary source given.

The days of freedom

• The exact spot of the former Café Chave d’Ouro in the Rossio: the stop is placed in the square.

Forbidden words

• The point for the Vasco Santana Theatre on the map is approximate: it is that of the former Feira Popular, on the Avenida da República side, where the sources place the pavilion.
• In which venue “Lisboa 72-74”, the play in which “Somos Livres” was first heard, opened: no source says. The Teatro Estúdio de Lisboa had had its permanent home at the Vasco Santana Theatre since 1972, but the list of plays premiered there that Restos de Colecção publishes does not include it.
• The day of the launch show for “Mulheres Guerrilheiras”: the clipping from “O Século” says “yesterday”, and the Casa Comum dates it only to 1974.
• When Teresa Paula Brito was booed at the Coliseu: the musicologist Luís Freitas Branco tells the story without a date.
• The day of the 1st Portuguese Song Meeting: 29 March 1974 (Casa Comum, Mensagem de Lisboa) or 28 March (chronology of the 25 April Association).
• The day of the first “Zip-Zip”: 26 May 1969 in the RTP Arquivos video, 24 May in the photograph of the same broadcast.
• Whether the “Pedra Filosofal” heard at the Villaret stop is the 1969–1970 recording: the digital release is from 2020, by World Music Records, which does not give the year of the recording.
• The year of José Mário Branco’s “Ser Solidário”: 1982 in the José Mário Branco Archive, which gives the dates of the recording (January to March 1982); 1980 at the Aljube Museum.
• The year of Natália Correia’s death: 1993 (Imprensa Nacional, which this route follows); the José Mário Branco Archive writes 16 March 1992.

A seagull was flying

• That the airport where Maria Lamas was arrested in 1953 is Lisbon’s: the Democratic Women’s Movement writes only “at the Airport”.
• That Maria Antónia Fiadeiro was arrested at Lisbon airport: Wikipedia says “at the airport”; the Commission for Citizenship and Gender Equality (CIG) says only that she was arrested in 1972, as she was returning from Brazil.
• The time at which the airport was under control in the early hours of 25 April: 04:00 (Commemorative Commission) or 04:25, the time of the message to the Command Post (25 April Association).
• The time at which the “Freedom plane” landed on 30 April 1974.

Lisbon Airport (Portela)

• In which years each headquarters was in use, the one on Rua do Loreto and the one on Rua Latino Coelho: the Civil Government register says only that the former came first.
• The year of foundation: 10 November 1935, in the Civil Government register; 1936, according to the Democratic Women’s Movement.
• The point on the map marks Rua Latino Coelho, not the building at no. 25.

Headquarters of the Portuguese Women’s Association for Peace

• The day of the rally: 19 July 1975 (Commemorative Commission for the 50 Years of 25 April, with a dated photograph from the archive of Alfredo Cunha); the RTP page “Memórias da Revolução” (Memories of the Revolution) says 19 June, probably by mistake.

Alameda D. Afonso Henriques and the Fonte Luminosa

• The ticket price: the museum’s “Prices” page says €4 and its “How to get here” page says €3 (both consulted on 2 October 2026).
• How long the building had been a women’s prison before 1928.
• Whether there were women political prisoners in the Aljube after 1928 (the sources consulted only record women held for common crimes, before that date).

Aljube Prison

• The Assembly of the Republic’s sources on 1911–1913 speak of the Constituent Assembly, the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies without naming the building; that they sat at São Bento comes from Wikipedia.
• The end of the 1975 siege: 36 hours from 12 November (Assembly of the Republic); RTP says the deputies left in the late morning of the 13th.
• The date of the first session with the three women deputies (January 1935).
• Whether the cloister with the bust of Maria Alda Nogueira can be visited, and on what terms.

Palácio de São Bento

• The time of the explosion: “around 10 o’clock in the morning” (António de Araújo) or 10:25 (Diário de Notícias).
• Whether the building at no. 96 still exists and what number it has today: the coordinates mark the avenue, not the building.

Avenida Barbosa du Bocage, no. 96 (Josué Trocado’s private chapel)

• The day Maria Teresa Cárcomo Lobo took office, in August 1970: her appointment was reported in A Capital on 20 August.
• Where the Council of State met on 30 September 1974, when Spínola announced his resignation: the sources consulted do not say.

Palácio de Belém

• That the Lisbon Plenary Court sat at the Boa-Hora comes from Mensagem de Lisboa (2022); an archival source is still needed to confirm it, say since when, and identify the courtroom.
• The date of 22 October 1960 and the claim that Maria Alda Nogueira’s sentence was the heaviest given to a woman for political reasons have only been read in Wikipedia.
• Date of the acquittal: 7 May 1974 (Aljube Museum; the verdict as transcribed on Malomil; Wikipedia). The Diário de Lisboa cutting in the Hemeroteca Digital has “04Mai1974” in its file name, but says the verdict was read “yesterday afternoon”.
• The 10:00 start of the trial of the “Three Marias” comes from a note in the Diário de Lisboa (“began yesterday at 10 o’clock”).
• Who questioned the authors of the “Novas Cartas Portuguesas”: an officer of the Judicial Police specialising in prostitution (Aljube Museum), the Judicial Police (Wikipedia) or the PIDE/DGS (Commemorative Commission).
• Carolina Beatriz Ângelo’s appeal to be entered on the electoral roll (1911) was decided by the judge of the 1st Civil Court (Assembly of the Republic); the historian João Esteves says it was lodged here, on 24 April 1911, but no source says whether the 1st Civil Court sat at the Boa-Hora.
• The 1918 decree that opened the legal profession to women (no. 4676, of 19 July, according to 24 Notícias) has not been checked in the Diário do Governo.
• State of the Largo da Boa-Hora Memorial in 2026 and current use of the building; the coordinate is that of the square.

Boa-Hora Court

• The year it opened: 1971 (Aljube Museum, NOVA FCSH, Imprensa Nacional) or 1968 (the guide “Graça em estado de graça”).
• Who founded it: the four friends (Aljube Museum, NOVA FCSH) or Natália with Isabel Meyrelles, as partners (Imprensa Nacional; Wikipedia). The name is spelt as the Imprensa Nacional spells it, “Meyrelles”; the Aljube Museum and NOVA FCSH write “Meireles”.
• No source has been found describing specific political meetings at the Botequim before 1974; the link to the opposition comes from the salon Natália kept at home.
• Whether there is a plaque on the façade of the Vila Sousa.

Botequim

• The institutional dates (1918, 1953) come from the English Wikipedia, which cites the Architectural Heritage Information System (SIPA); SIPA was unavailable when consulted.
• The date the prison closed (1989, according to the Portuguese Wikipedia) has not been confirmed in another source.
• Current use of the building and state of the hotel project; whether the site can be visited.
• The full name of Dalila, Magda Fonseca’s aunt, and the dates of her arrests.
• Other women political prisoners in the Mónicas mentioned in blogs (Aida Paulo, transferred in 1939; Carolina Loff da Fonseca) — not confirmed in an institutional source.
• The date on which Isabel Aboim Inglez was sent to the Mónicas.

Mónicas Prison

• Where the group went after being thrown out of the Gelo: the Café Nacional, on Rua 1.º de Dezembro (Luiz Pacheco, quoted by Observador), or the Café Palladium, on Avenida da Liberdade (Wikipedia).
• The text of the plaque by the door.
• The seafood restaurant that now occupies the space (since 2024) is mentioned only by Wikipedia.

Café Gelo

• The exact building of the house (Seara Nova gives no. 37) and who made the 2012 plaque.
• How many people attended the funeral: “thousands” (Aljube Museum) or about five thousand (Toponímia de Lisboa).

Calçada Ribeiro Santos

• The day the hunger strike began: 9 May according to the Aljube Museum (Wikipedia places on the 9th the general assembly that approved it); the Commemorative Commission does not give the day.
• How many were arrested: about 800 (PSP), about 1,200 (students’ associations) or 1,500 (the title of a 2012 article in the Expresso magazine, cited by Wikipedia).
• Maria Cristina Pereira appears twice in the list of strikers identified by the PIDE published by the Commemorative Commission: two students with the same name, or a repetition.

Cidade Universitária Canteen

• How many people were taken to the police station: 91 (António de Araújo, based on police records), about 60 (Eloísa Aragão; Wikipedia) or “about fifty” (RTP Ensina).
• The role of the Revolutionary Brigades: Carlos Antunes said that the BR played a central role and that it was he who decided that Conceição Moita would read the statement; Isabel do Carmo and the Catholic organisers say that the decision was the Catholics’.
• Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen’s presence in the chapel: one secondary source in favour (João Miguel Almeida, 2008), testimonies that do not confirm it.
• The Order of Liberty (2022) and the 2024 memorial have only been read in Wikipedia; the text of the 2022 municipal plaque has not been read.

Capela do Rato

• Angelina Vidal’s year of birth: 1847 (Toponímia de Lisboa; Wikipedia cites the baptismal record) or 1853 (FCSH+Lisboa). According to Wikipedia, the date of birth on the memorial stone is wrong.
• Whether today’s no. 41 is the same as in 1917.

House where Angelina Vidal died (Rua de São Gens, 41)

• Where no. 181 stood in the 1909–1910 numbering: the street’s current numbering does not seem to reach that number (OpenStreetMap), and the point on the map marks only the street. The plans and records of the time, in the Lisbon Municipal Archive, may provide the answer.
• The day of Januário Barreto’s death: 23 June 1910, according to a blog on the history of Benfica, the club of which he was the first chairman; Isabel Lousada gives only the year.
• When the couple, or Carolina once widowed, left this house for the one on Rua António Pedro, in Arroios, and the number of that house.

Home of Carolina Beatriz Ângelo and Januário Barreto (Rua do Sol ao Rato, 181)

• The day of the closure: 6 September 1965 (Wikipedia) or just “September 1965” (DW Africa, on Buala).
• The years of the administrative committees: from 1952 to 1957 and from December 1960 to July 1961 (ReMapping), or eight consecutive years from 1953 (DW Africa, on Buala).
• The text of the 1992 plaque.

House of the Students of the Empire (CEI)

• Whether the building has any plaque in memory of Natália Correia.
• The point on the map comes from a medical practice at no. 52 (OpenStreetMap), not from the entrance to the building.
• The sentence over the “Antologia”: 90 days in prison commuted to a fine, on 21 March 1970, according to the chronology by Luiz Fagundes Duarte, who elsewhere speaks of a suspended prison sentence; the Aljube Museum speaks of a suspended sentence and places it in 1966, the year of the book.

Home of Natália Correia

• The point on the map: OpenStreetMap only identifies no. 57-D in the same lane; the door of no. 57 is still to be confirmed.
• Whether there is any plaque on the façade of no. 57.
• The year of the support for Humberto Delgado: 1958 (Agenda Cultural de Lisboa) or 1957 (chronology of the National Library).
• The date of the application to open a publishing house in this home, and the Torre do Tombo file in which it is found.

Home of Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen

• Since when the Estado Novo held political prisoners here: the South Redoubt passed to the political police in January 1935, but the 2020 sculpture counts the prisoners from 1936.
• Who was held in the North Redoubt: Memória Comum says it passed to the political police in May 1938, for women, but its own records list male prisoners taken there in 1937 and 1939, and the 1961 escape set out from its moat, with male prisoners.
• How many times and when Maria Lamas was arrested: in 1949, 1950, 1951 and 1953, according to Virgínia Baptista; in 1949, 1953 and 1962, according to Wikipedia; in 1949, on 18 July 1950 and on 20 December 1953, according to the Democratic Women’s Movement (MDM).
• The dates of Cesina Bermudes’s imprisonment at Caxias (from 14 October 1949 to 14 January 1950) and Stella Piteira Santos’s time here, in February 1962, have only been found in Wikipedia.
• The time of the escape on 4 December 1961: 09:35, according to the official report cited by the Aljube Museum; 09:34, according to the Union of Portuguese Anti-Fascist Resisters (URAP) (“Fuga de Caxias. Dedicação à prova de bala”); 10:00, in a URAP news item on the 60th anniversary of the escape.
• Who commanded the taking of Caxias: Captains José Brás and Mário Pinto, at the head of paratroopers, according to the chronology of the 25 April Association and that of the Portuguese Commission of Military History; Lieutenant Commander Abrantes Serra and Captain Mário Pinto, at the head of marines and paratroopers, according to the “Presos políticos” (Political prisoners) page of the same Association.
• The day of the release: 26 April for the 50 Years Commemorative Commission, the 25 April Documentation Centre and Memória Comum (“on the night of the 26th”), and the Aljube Museum says that some prisoners left as early as the afternoon of the 26th; according to República, cited by Esquerda.net, the release began at half past midnight on the 27th.
• How many prisoners were released: 82 — 78 and, finally, the four from the prison hospital — according to República as cited by Esquerda.net, or 85, according to the 50 Years Commemorative Commission.
• The day Helena Neves left Caxias: 25 April, according to the page with her testimony at the Aljube Museum, or with the other prisoners, on the 26th or in the early hours of the 27th, as suggested by the photograph in A Capital of 27 April, published by Esquerda.net, which records her release and that of Elvira Nereu.
• Whether the fort can be visited — it is now a working prison — and where the 2019 plaque is, inside or outside the grounds.

Caxias Fort — the political prison

• The door number of the centre on Calçada de Arroios, and whether the building still exists.
• Who led the Portuguese Group for Feminist Studies: Maria Veleda, according to Toponímia de Lisboa; Ana de Castro Osório, according to the text cited by the Almanaque Republicano and the Dicionário de Médicos Portugueses.
• Whether the evening courses Maria Veleda set up at the centre (Wikipedia) are the same as those the Portuguese Group for Feminist Studies gave there in 1907 (Toponímia de Lisboa).

Dr Afonso Costa Republican School Centre — evening classes for women (Calçada de Arroios)

• The year the Centre set up here: 1951 (testimony of António Tomás Medeiros; Memória Comum speaks of “the early 1950s”) or 1954 (the Wikipedia article on the House of the Students of the Empire).
• Whether the building now at no. 37 is the same as in 1951.
• The full name of “Aunt Andreza”, whom the sources only call by that name.

Espírito Santo family home — seat of the Centre for African Studies

• Exact location of the former café on the Rossio and its street number: the coordinates are those of the square. There is a Caixa Geral de Depósitos branch on the adjoining Praça D. João da Câmara (OSM node 2493312081), but it has not been confirmed that it is the Chave d'Ouro building.
• The name of the journalist who asked the question (Lindorfe Pinto Basto, of France Presse) has only been read in Wikipedia.
• The current use of the building: a bank branch, first of the Banco Nacional Ultramarino and now of the Caixa Geral de Depósitos, according to the blog Restos de Colecção.

Café Chave d'Ouro

• The day of the general assembly in the University Stadium at which Isabel do Carmo spoke: the photograph published by the Commemorative Commission for the 50 Years of 25 April, from her own collection, gives only the year, 1962.
• When Helena Neves was assaulted by a PIDE agent at a demonstration: the Aljube Museum does not give the date.

Cidade Universitária de Lisboa (University Stadium and faculties)

• Whether today’s no. 62 Rua de Dona Estefânia is the 1911 building (the numbering and the building may have changed), and what is there now.
• The text of the plaque at the entrance to the club’s current premises.
• Whom she voted for: a blog (Em Defesa do Benfica, 2014) says that she voted for Afonso Costa, Bernardino Machado and Magalhães Lima, candidates of the Republican Party; this still needs to be confirmed in the 1911 press.
• The phrase “If the law does not open the door to us, neither does it put us out in the street” (Se a lei não nos abre a porta, também não nos põe na rua), which Mensagem de Lisboa attributes to Carolina, comes without a contemporary source.
• The Assembly of the Republic writes that in 1911 Finland was “the only European country that recognised women’s right to vote”; but Norway had granted it since 1907, in national elections, to women with a certain income (Storting). Perhaps the Assembly means the vote without restrictions; the text says both things.

Clube Estefânia — São Jorge de Arroios polling station (1911)

• Who ordered the headquarters closed: “police forces” (CIG), the Judicial Police (Virgínia Baptista) or Salazar’s Government (Teresa Joaquim). The closure order has not been found.
• The number of the headquarters: the sources give only the street, which FCSH+Lisboa writes as “Travessa das Fábricas das Sedas”; the point on the map marks the middle of the lane.

Last headquarters of the CNMP, closed by the police in 1947

• The day of its founding: Wikipedia gives 30 May 1914; the other sources consulted say only 1914.
• The floor: first (NOVA FCSH; Wikipedia) or second (Toponímia de Lisboa, for the surgery; the 1924 brochure of the First Feminist and Education Congress, for the Council’s correspondence). According to NOVA FCSH, between 1920 and 1946 the Portuguese Abolitionist League and the Leagues of Kindness were on the second floor of the same building.
• What occupies no. 13 Praça dos Restauradores today, and whether the building is the same (the stop is on the square).
• Maria Brazão’s relationship to Adelaide Cabete: niece, according to Toponímia de Lisboa; sister, according to NOVA FCSH and Wikipedia.
• The papers by Ilda Pinto de Lima, Regina do Carmo, Julieta Ribeiro de Carvalho and Maria Isabel Correia Manso have only been read in Wikipedia; the 1924 brochure attributes “Bibliotecas infantis” (Children’s libraries) and “Escolas ao ar livre” (Open-air schools), which Wikipedia gives to the first two, to the Women’s Institute of Education and Work.

National Council of Portuguese Women

• The date: 29 March 1974 (Wikipedia, which cites Madeira, 2015; dated photographs at the Casa Comum) or 28 March (chronology of the 25 April Association).
• The number of banned songs (thirty), the crowd in the street and the presence of MFA captains in the audience have only been read in Wikipedia.

Coliseu dos Recreios

• Whether today’s no. 84 is the same building as the no. 84 of 1909.
• How long the surgery operated here: the only reference is the 1909 advertisement.
• Which court heard Carolina’s appeal to be registered as a voter: a blog (Em Defesa do Benfica, 2014) says it was the Boa-Hora Court, a few steps from here, in the 1st Civil Court of Lisbon.

Carolina Beatriz Ângelo’s surgery (Rua Nova do Almada, 84)

• Which part of the building the Colonial Hospital occupied: the sources say only that it took up “a part of the Cordoaria”.
• Where the Institute’s women researchers worked before and after the 1958 move: João Lourenço Monteiro’s study does not distinguish between the buildings.

Cordoaria Nacional (Colonial Hospital and School of Tropical Medicine)

• The street number of the union headquarters on Rua do Benformoso.
• The day of the strike (in the summer of 1915, after 8 August) and the address of the factory, on the Santana hill.
• Everything told here comes from a single article, by Luís Carvalho, in the newspaper A Voz do Operário (2019), which summarises the 1915 issues of the same paper.
• The article says that twelve women workers resigned in solidarity, but the list of names it publishes has eleven.

Headquarters of the Seamstresses and Stitchers’ trade association (Rua do Benformoso)

• Whether the National Salvation Junta had its headquarters here: the sources say only that Colonel Dias de Lima came here to consult it and that Spínola received people here.
• The current use of the palace.

Palácio da Cova da Moura

• What exactly happened in this building on 26 April 1974: the 25 April Association records that the headquarters of “Época” was wrecked by members of the public, without describing it, and the Lisbon Triennale says that the newspaper had its headquarters here until after 25 April.

Headquarters of the “Diário da Manhã” (Rua da Misericórdia, 95)

• Where the “Cunene” was when the charges were placed and when they exploded: the communiqué says it was left immobilised in the Alcântara dock; Wikipedia describes the charges being placed in the river, near the “Vera Cruz”.
• The details of the operation (the time they set out, the names, the departure from Poço do Bispo) have only been read in Wikipedia.

Doca de Alcântara (the attack on the freighter “Cunene”)

• The time of the occupation: 03:15 (the “Lugares de Abril” page; Jofre Alves’s chronology) or 03:50 (the chronology “Movimentações do dia 25 de Abril” (Movements on 25 April), by the same 25 April Association).
• How many soldiers occupied the station: about a hundred, according to the “Lugares de Abril” page, or 47, according to the chronology of the same 25 April Association.
• What is at no. 2 Rua do Quelhas today: the coordinates mark the street, not the building.
• Frederico Morais’s exact words to the Command Post: “we have occupied TOKYO without any incident” (ocupámos TÓQUIO sem qualquer incidente; 25 April Association, “Lugares de Abril”), which this entry follows, or “Reporting we have occupied TOKYO without any incident” (Informo ocupamos TÓQUIO sem qualquer incidente; 25 April Association, “Movimentações do dia 25 de Abril”).

Emissora Nacional (Rua do Quelhas)

• What the 7th floor is used for today, and where on the building the “Lugares de Abril” plaque is.
• Which of the Emissores Associados de Lisboa stations broadcast from this studio.
• The spelling of the announcer’s surname: “Dinis” on the pages of the 25 April Association and the Commemorative Commission, “Diniz” in other sources.

Emissores Associados de Lisboa (the studio on Avenida Elias Garcia)

• The number of people at the Lisbon demonstration: around 500,000, according to the 25 April Documentation Centre (CD25A), which does not say where the estimate comes from.
• Who runs the stadium today (the INATEL Foundation, successor to the FNAT?).

FNAT Stadium (renamed Estádio 1.º de Maio)

• The street number (OpenStreetMap and a City Council publication give Rua Braamcamp, 9) and the restaurant’s exact unit in the building.
• The Sir’s opening date (25 April 1973) and the detail of the glass of port come from the press, not from an institutional source.
• The building’s authorship and the 1971 Valmor Prize have only been read in Wikipedia.
• Whether there is any marker commemorating Celeste Caeiro on the building.

Edifício Franjinhas — the restaurant of the carnations

• In which years, besides those filmed by RTP (1961, 1962 and 1964), troops embarked at the Alcântara quay: the main point of departure was the Rocha do Conde de Óbidos quay.

Alcântara Maritime Station

• The building’s street number on Rua Capelo and what is there today.
• In which years the Civil Government was here: Toponímia de Lisboa says only that Rua Capelo was its address “for many years”.
• Whether in December 1972, when the fourteen detainees from the Capela do Rato vigil were taken there, the Civil Government was still in this building: the sources on the vigil say only “Governo Civil” (Civil Government).

Lisbon Civil Government and the PSP’s 1st Station

• Where Carolina Beatriz Ângelo operated with Sabino Coelho: Toponímia de Lisboa links his guidance to the operations at São José; FCSH+Lisboa says she was an intern at the Hospital D. Estefânia, “alongside the doctor Sabino Coelho, where she assisted him and performed operations”.
• The year in which Carolina Beatriz Ângelo first operated at São José.
• When Sofia Quintino headed the lupus section: only Wikipedia says so, without a date.

São José Hospital

• When the vigil began: the night of 31 December 1968 (Commemorative Commission) or 1 January 1969 (António de Araújo). RTP Ensina speaks of Catholics who “occupied a chapel for the first time” on 1 January 1969 — this may be a different action.
• Who set the “Cantata da Paz” to music: Francisco Fernandes, according to the Commemorative Commission for the 50 Years of 25 April; Rui Paz, based on an African American spiritual, according to Francisco Fanhais and Eloísa Aragão’s thesis (Francisco Fernandes set another poem by Sophia, “Porque” (Because), which Fanhais recorded in 1970).

Church of São Domingos

• The name of the alleged informer: “Fernando Lopes Manuel” (Aljube Museum biography) or “Vítor Manuel Lopes” (Aljube Museum text from 2020).
• Where Ribeiro Santos was hit: “in the back” (Memória Comum; Commemorative Commission) or “with two shots to the chest” (Toponímia de Lisboa).
• The date of death: 12 October 1972 in almost all sources; a Memória Comum list gives 13 October 1972.
• The exact location of the lecture theatre on the present-day campus, and whether there is a commemorative plaque at ISEG.

ISCEF, in the Quelhas

• The day of the plenary meeting that suspended the academic mourning of 1962: 15 June (Commemorative Commission) or 14 June (Wikipedia).
• When, and for how long, the IST was closed in 1972.

Instituto Superior Técnico

• The names of the people put on display in 1940, which Cláudia Castelo says are in the Overseas Historical Archive: none of the sources consulted publishes them.
• How many of the 138 people on display were women and how many were children: the sources consulted do not say.

Tropical Botanical Garden (formerly the Colonial Garden)

• What the building at no. 116 is today, and whether there is any plaque on it.
• Since when República was on Rua da Misericórdia — and so whether the contributions of Maria Veleda (1950) and Helena Neves were already made in this building.

Headquarters of the newspaper República (Rua da Misericórdia)

• Whether in 1975 the Military Police Regiment occupied the same barracks as Lanceiros 2 (the sources use both names), and the exact spot on Calçada da Ajuda.
• The names of the three dead of 25 November 1975.
• The spelling of the major’s name: “Campos Andrada” (25 April Association, Jofre Alves) or “Campos Andrade” (Commemorative Commission).
• The time at which the regime’s command post began operating here: the 25 April Association already places it at Lanceiros 2 at 06:45; Jofre Alves gives the ministers’ arrival as 09:40.

Lanceiros 2 Barracks / Military Police Regiment (Calçada da Ajuda)

• The exact spot where Estêvão Giro fell (Rua da Madalena or Largo do Caldas).
• Age: the Aljube Museum says he was 25, but gives 1937 as his year of birth (which would make him 24 or 25, depending on the date).
• The official name of the square today (Largo Adelino Amaro da Costa, according to OpenStreetMap) and the date and circumstances of the renaming.

Largo do Caldas / Rua da Madalena

• Time of Caetano’s arrival at the Carmo: 05:30 (Jofre Alves) or 06:00 (25 April Association).
• Spínola’s arrival: 17:45 (Commemorative Commission, CD25A) or 18:00 (25 April Association); the handover of power is placed “at around 18:30” on the Lugares de Abril page.
• Departure of the “Bula”: 19:30 (CD25A) or 19:35 (25 April Association).
• The detail about Maria de Lurdes Rocha appears only in Jofre Alves’s chronology.
• Current opening hours of the GNR Museum (not confirmed).
• Postcode and street number of the barracks.
• Other memorials of 25 April in the square, besides the “Lugares de Abril” plaque (pavement, other plaques): not checked.
• The relationship between the barracks and the former Convento do Carmo: Wikidata returns the item “Convento do Carmo” (Q1470414) for “Quartel do Carmo”; this was not looked into further.

Largo do Carmo and the Carmo Barracks

• The executions beside the fountain in Largo do Rato, on 9 February 1927, have only been read in Wikipedia; the Aljube Museum speaks of rebels being shot, without saying where.
• The number of dead in Lisbon in February 1927: Wikipedia gives “more than 70” in its summary and “at least 90” in the body of the article.
• Which units rose up in 1931: the Aljube Museum and Wikipedia speak of Light Infantry Regiment No. 7 (Caçadores 7), but the study by the General Secretariat of the Ministry of Finance places Light Infantry Battalion 7, in the Castelo de São Jorge, on the Government side, and gives Machine Guns 1 and Light Artillery 3 as the units taken.
• How many people were taken from the Capela do Rato to the police station: 91 (António de Araújo, from police records) or around 60 (Wikipedia).

Largo do Rato (formerly Praça do Brasil)

• The time: surrender at around 13:30 (“Movimentações do dia 25 de Abril”, 25 April Association) or occupation “at around 14:00” (the “Lugares de Abril” page, from the same association).
• The exact building of the command in Largo da Penha de França, and what is there today; the point on the map is approximate.
• Since when the Legion’s general command was in Penha de França.

Portuguese Legion Command

• Whether the police violence that João Paulo Guerra places “after Humberto Delgado’s rally at the Liceu Camões” was on 18 May 1958, or whether there was more than one campaign meeting at the school.

Liceu de Camões

• The school’s addresses before 1933 (there are unconfirmed references to Largo do Contador-Mor, in Alfama, and to the Palácio Valadares, in Largo do Carmo).
• The succession of names: Domitila de Carvalho’s Wikipedia biography says that the Liceu Maria Pia became the Liceu de Almeida Garrett in 1917 and only later the Maria Amália Vaz de Carvalho; Maria Guardiola’s treats the Almeida Garrett and the Maria Amália as different schools.
• The day of its founding (23 February 1906, according to Wikipedia) and the dates of Domitila de Carvalho’s time as headmistress have only been read in Wikipedia.
• The relationship between the 1885 decree (FCSH+Lisboa) and the 1906 royal decree that established the school.

Liceu Maria Amália Vaz de Carvalho (successor to the Liceu Maria Pia, the first girls’ secondary school)

• How long the League had its headquarters at no. 6, and where the other “headquarters” were that the Feminist Routes place between Jardim Constantino and Martim Moniz.
• The day of the League’s legal constitution, in February 1909.
• The year the Feminist Propaganda Association was founded: 12 May 1911 (Assembly of the Republic) or 1912 (Toponímia de Lisboa). The Assembly of the Republic’s date has been kept.
• What is at no. 6 today, and whether there is any marker of the League on the building.
• The point on the map marks the street, not no. 6, which is not identified in OpenStreetMap.
• To whom the October 1910 petition was handed, and when: to Afonso Costa (Toponímia de Lisboa), to the president of the Provisional Government on 27 October (the newspaper “A Capital”) or “at various ministries” on the same day (João Esteves); Wikipedia gives 27 November and says that it also asked for the revision of the Civil Code and for divorce. And the day of the meeting that approved it: 26 October (Toponímia de Lisboa, “A Capital”) or 19 October (João Esteves).

Headquarters of the Republican League of Portuguese Women (Rua dos Castelinhos, 6)

• Exactly where the “Mitra” police post was, and whether it operated within the asylum grounds: the point on the map is that of the palace.
• Whether the “Albergue da Mitra” (Mitra Shelter) of the Aljube Museum and the “Asilo da Mitra” (Mitra Asylum) of Toponímia de Lisboa are the same institution.
• In a 1922 list of Lisbon police stations published by Memória Comum, the 14th Station is in Beato, with posts in Chelas and Olivais, and there is no post at the Mitra.
• The palace’s street number on Rua do Açúcar: 64 (Toponímia de Lisboa) or 56 (OpenStreetMap).

“Mitra” – the Mitra Asylum and the 3rd Post of the PSP’s 14th Station

• The year Maria Lamas started at “Modas e Bordados”: 1928 (Virgínia Baptista; Wikipedia), 1929 (MDM, for her joining O Século) or 1930 (CIG).
• Whether the newsrooms of “Modas e Bordados” and “O Século Ilustrado” were in this building (the sources place the newspaper here).
• How long the 1930 exhibition lasted (one or two months) and which rooms were used.
• The street number: Wikipedia gives 41–59 for the newspaper building; today’s official address is no. 63.

O Século — the newsroom of “Modas e Bordados”

• The date of the MDM’s founding assembly and who attended it: the MDM itself gives 1968 and the Padaria do Povo; other sources link its origin to the women’s electoral committees of 1969; the sources on the cooperative do not mention the MDM.
• The MDM’s page names Manuela Porto (who died in 1950) and Maria Isabel Aboim Inglez (who died in 1963) among the women of the Portuguese Women’s Association for Peace who “went on to found the MDM”, which is not possible for a founding in 1968.
• The Carbonari setting out in the early hours of 4 October 1910 appears only in José Zaluar’s account to Mensagem de Lisboa.
• When the threats of denunciation recorded in the minutes were made: José Zaluar speaks of the PIDE, which only existed from 1945 (before that it was the PVDE), and does not date them.

The “A Padaria do Povo” cooperative (the People’s Bakery)

• Whether the 1975 crates photographed “by the Padrão” were in the monument’s forecourt or at the Belém dock: the sources consulted do not specify.

Padrão dos Descobrimentos (Monument to the Discoveries)

• In which year the institute left the palace: the sources consulted do not say.
• Whether the restoration work announced in 2024 has begun.

Palácio Burnay (Higher Institute of Social Sciences and Overseas Policy)

• The exact location of the Café Palladium in 1964 (Memória Comum says “next to the Glória lift”).
• The magazine “JJ – Jornalismo & Jornalistas”, which published Joaquim Cardoso Gomes’s study, uses the Palácio Ludovice (Rua de São Pedro de Alcântara, 45) to illustrate a building where “the SPN operated”; in which years has not been confirmed.
• Visiting hours: not checked.
• The year in which the SPN gave way to the SNI: 1944 (Decree-Law No. 33 545, of 23 February, according to the Commemorative Commission; also the Torre do Tombo National Archive) or 1945 (Wikipedia). This entry follows the decree-law.

Palácio Foz – National Propaganda Secretariat / National Information Secretariat (SPN/SNI)

• The palace’s 20th-century history comes from Wikipedia, which cites the Diário da República and the inventory of architectural heritage (SIPA); it still needs to be confirmed in those sources.
• Since when the Portuguese Youth had its headquarters here: the decree of 30 May 1939 provided for it, but a decree of 5 June of the same year ordered the palace to be handed over to the State “for no other purpose”.
• Whether the Women’s Portuguese Youth also had premises in the palace.
• When the Women’s Portuguese Youth was born: with Law No. 1941, of 11 April 1936, says Decree-Law No. 171/74, which abolished it (quoted by the 25 April Documentation Centre); with Decree-Law No. 28 262, of 8 December 1937, according to the historian Irene Pimentel, quoted by the Hemeroteca Municipal de Lisboa (Lisbon Municipal Newspaper Library).

Palácio da Independência – headquarters of the Portuguese Youth (Mocidade Portuguesa)

• Whether the great hall where the congress took place was the one in this palace: the sources name only the association, owner of the building since 1913.
• The opening day: 4 May (FCSH+Lisboa, Wikipedia) or 5 May (2024 NOVA FCSH seminar). The publicity brochure announced the congress for March.
• The presence of President Manuel Teixeira Gomes at the opening session (Wikipedia only).

Paço de São Cristóvão / Palácio Vagos — Mutual Aid Association of Commercial Employees of Lisbon

• Where Humberto Delgado was buried in Lisbon between 1975 and 1990.
• The whereabouts of Arajaryr Campos’s remains.
• The scene of the crime: near Badajoz, with the bodies found at Villanueva del Fresno (Aljube Museum), or near Olivença (National Pantheon).

Church of Santa Engrácia – National Pantheon

• The exact spot in the park, both of the 1975 demonstration and of the handing-over of the instructions in 1974; the coordinate is the centre of the park.
• The number of men who broke up the demonstration (some two thousand is the estimate in the report).

Parque Eduardo VII

• Who the six prisoners’ wives detained in December 1963, at the protest by the walls, were.

Peniche Fortress — the political prison

• The date the Penitentiary opened, at the end of the 19th century.
• The day of Militão Ribeiro’s death: 2 January 1950 (Aljube Museum, Memória Comum) or 3 January (Wikidata). 2 January has been used.
• Whether the prison did in fact close in 2026, as the news report cited by Wikipedia predicted.
• How long Militão Ribeiro was held in strict isolation: “nine months”, according to the Aljube Museum — the time from his arrest, on 25 March 1949, to his death; from his transfer to the Penitentiary, on 10 May, to his death is less than eight months.
• Militão Ribeiro’s age at death: the Aljube Museum writes 54, but the dates it gives (13 August 1896 and 2 January 1950) make 53.

Lisbon Penitentiary

• Sanches Osório’s rank: major (25 April Association) or lieutenant commander (Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April).
• The time Caetano arrived: the 25 April Association records Spínola here, with the arrested members of the government, at 20:30; Jofre Alves’s chronology places the Chaimite “Bula” here at 21:00; the Commemorative Commission says that, once the siege was lifted at 19:30, the column took an hour and a half to cover about 11 km.
• The instrument that classified the building: Odivelas City Council calls it “Decreto-Lei n.º 21/2015, de 23 de outubro” (Decree-Law no. 21/2015 of 23 October); in the official gazette, the “Diário da República”, its title is Decreto n.º 21/2015 (Decree no. 21/2015).
• The municipality: the address is in Pontinha (Odivelas), but OpenStreetMap puts the point on the boundary with Carnide (Lisbon).
• Whether the “Places of April” (“Lugares de Abril”) plaque of Lisbon City Council and the 25 April Association has yet been put up at the barracks: in March 2024 it was waiting for the works to finish.

MFA Command Post – Engineering Regiment No. 1 (Pontinha Barracks)

• The year the garden received the floral coats of arms: RTP says “the 1960s”; the historian Márcia Chuva links the changes in the square’s design to 1961.
• The day of the demonstration by the Jerónimos Monastery: the RTP report is dated only January 1975.

Praça do Império

• The time of the occupation: 03:12 (Jofre Alves’s chronology), 03:20 or 03:32 (25 April Association, on its two pages) or 03:30 (Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April).
• The time of the first communiqué: 04:26 (25 April Association, Commemorative Commission, Jofre Alves) or 04:20 (Aljube Museum).
• Who commanded the group of officers that occupied the station: Major Costa Neves (25 April Association) or Captain Mendonça de Carvalho (Jofre Alves).
• What occupies no. 24 Rua Sampaio e Pina today, and exactly where the “Places of April” plaque is.

Rádio Clube Português (the Rua Sampaio e Pina studios)

• Today’s building: a hotel (The Ivens), according to OpenStreetMap; it has not been confirmed on site, nor whether it is the building that housed the studios in 1974, nor whether it has a commemorative plaque.
• Whether the studios occupied in 1975 (“Lisbon studios”, according to the Commemorative Commission) were the ones on Rua Capelo.

Rádio Renascença (the Rua Capelo studios)

• The point on the map is approximate (Bairro da Encarnação): the former barracks has still to be located, and what stands there today established.
• The number of wounded on 11 March 1975: 14 (Commemorative Commission) or 15 (RTP).
• The time of the ceasefire: 13:00 according to Ricardo Noronha (“Ler História”); RTP puts the agreement between the commanders at around 14:30.
• Who the civilian was who, according to RTP Ensina, died the day after the attack.

Barracks of Light Artillery Regiment No. 1 (RAL 1, later RALIS)

• The point on the map is approximate: no. 3 Rua do Norte has not been identified, and the point is on Praça de Luís de Camões, by the corner.
• Until when the editorial offices of “A Capital” were in this building.
• The number of the house where Virgínia Quaresma lived on Rua do Norte, and in which years.

Editorial offices of the newspaper “A Capital” (Rua do Norte, 3)

• The day on which Marcelo Caetano spoke to the students from the balcony of the Rectorate.
• Whether any woman student spoke at the plenary meetings in front of the Rectorate: the sources consulted only record Isabel do Carmo’s speech in the University Stadium.

Rectorate of the University of Lisbon

• Whether Salazar died in the mansion: the Government gives him as living here until July 1970, and the Torre do Tombo National Archive says only that he died in Lisbon, on 27 July.
• According to Wikipedia, from December 1934 the mansion was a girls’ school run by the Handmaids of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, which had to leave when the State expropriated it; the congregation’s page speaks of a school opened in 1934 at the request of the Patriarch of Lisbon and set up in 1938 on Rua de São Félix, without naming the mansion.

Palacete de São Bento – Salazar’s official residence

• The day of the GNR charges after Humberto Delgado’s arrival at Santa Apolónia: 16 May 1958 (the day on which, in 2008, the plaque at the station was unveiled) or 15 May (“the day after” the Porto rally, according to the Aljube Museum).
• The day of the Revolutionary Brigades’ pig action: the Aljube Museum says only that it was “days after” the re-election of Américo Tomás on 25 July 1972.
• Whether Celeste Caeiro also gave out carnations on the Rossio, or whether the 25 April Association means other people who repeated her gesture: Celeste said she gave the carnation to the soldier who asked her for a cigarette on Rua do Carmo, on the way to Largo do Carmo.

Rossio (Praça de D. Pedro IV)

• The time of the occupation: 03:59 (25 April Association, Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April) or 03:00 (Jofre Alves’s chronology).
• The blocking of the Monsanto transmitter and the statement read by Fialho Gouveia at 18:40 appear only in Jofre Alves’s chronology.
• What stands today at no. 44 Alameda das Linhas de Torres: the coordinates mark the stretch of the avenue, not the building.

RTP studios in Lumiar

• Whether the street signs carry the 1924 caption, “Illustrious Lecturer and Propagandist of Social Emancipation” (Ilustre Conferencista e Propagandista da Emancipação Social).

Rua Angelina Vidal

• Fernando Sottomayor’s rank: officer cadet (25 April Association, Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April) or conscript second lieutenant (Jofre Alves’s chronology).
• The times: the 25 April Association places the confrontations between 06:30 or 07:00 and 10:30, and the assault on Lieutenant Assunção at 10:45, as does Jofre Alves; the Commemorative Commission puts the confrontation on Rua do Arsenal at 10:30.
• Whether the brigadier fired two shots into the air before falling back to Rua do Arsenal: only Jofre Alves’s chronology says so.

Rua do Arsenal and Avenida da Ribeira das Naus

• The exact spot of Celeste Caeiro’s gesture: “the start of Rua do Carmo” (“Diário de Notícias”), the corner with Rua Garrett (“A Mensagem de Lisboa”), “in front of the Tabacaria Caravela” (“Diário de Notícias”) or the Rossio (English Wikipedia). The coordinate is that of the street.
• Whether Celeste was going home (she lived in the Chiado) or to the Rossio by metro: the published accounts differ.
• The time of the encounter: the sources say only that it was in the morning or near midday.

Rua do Carmo — Celeste Caeiro’s carnations

• The point on the map marks the street, not no. 30, which is not identified on OpenStreetMap.
• The time of the crime: “early in the evening” (A Voz do Operário) or “in broad daylight” (Lisbon’s street-naming office, Toponímia de Lisboa).
• How many agents: three, named by Memória Comum, or five, getting out of a car, according to A Voz do Operário.
• Where, and on what, Dias Coelho’s words are inscribed at the scene of the crime, and since when.

Rua da Creche (where José Dias Coelho was murdered)

• The current wording of the signs on Rua Adelaide Cabete and Rua Ana de Castro Osório (whether Adelaide Cabete’s repeats the “1877” error).

Streets of the republican feminists in the Quinta dos Condes de Carnide

• The captions on the signs of the other streets (only that of Rua Aurora de Castro is documented).
• How many women’s names the 1988 edict gave: Lisbon’s street-naming office (Toponímia de Lisboa) says that, besides Carolina Ângelo, five of the remaining eleven names are women’s, but the list it publishes has six (Leonor Pimentel, Alice Pestana, Virgínia Quaresma, Aurora de Castro, Olga Morais Sarmento and Sara Afonso).

Streets of the women pioneers in Bairro de Caselas

• The day of Delgado’s arrival: 16 May 1958 (“Jornal de Notícias”, 2008; the plaque) or 15 May (“the day after” the Porto rally, according to the Aljube Museum).
• The day of Soares’s arrival: 28 April 1974 (most of the Casa Comum photographs) or 27 April (another photograph; a blog).
• The exact wording of the 2008 plaque.

Santa Apolónia Station

• What position Father João Perestrelo de Vasconcelos held: Irene Pimentel calls him the “parish priest” of the Sé, but the biographical note published with the same text says he was chaplain of the Alfeite Arsenal, and the PIDE arrested him in the sacristy of the church in Cova da Piedade.
• Whether the meeting of 11 March was in the cloisters or in another part of the cathedral: Irene Pimentel speaks of the cloisters and, immediately afterwards, of the order to leave “that church”.
• The visiting hours: the cathedral’s “Horários” (Opening hours) page and the footer of the same website give different times for the summer months.

Lisbon Cathedral (Sé Patriarcal)

• Approximate coordinates (stretch of the street); no. 125 is not geocoded in OpenStreetMap.
• FCSH+Lisboa places the censorship directorate-general on Rua de São Pedro de Alcântara (without dates); this matches the 1961-1969 headquarters given by Cardoso Gomes.
• The sequence of 25-26 April: a text in the magazine “JJ – Jornalismo & Jornalistas”, in the same issue as Cardoso Gomes’s study, says that the censors fled Rua da Misericórdia an hour or two after “República” came out, on the 25th; Cardoso Gomes speaks of the people storming the building on the morning of the 26th. The two versions may be compatible.
• The current use of the building and whether it has a commemorative plaque: not checked.
• Date of the seizure of “Minha Senhora de Mim” (the Aljube Museum mentions its seizure by the PIDE, without a date).

Headquarters of the Censorship Services / “Prior Examination” (1969-1974)

• The palace’s street number: the INATEL Foundation today gives its headquarters as Calçada de Santana, 180, and says it is the same building in which the FNAT set up in 1946; the point on the map is that of no. 164, on the same street.

Palácio Camarido – FNAT headquarters

• The time of the shooting on 25 April: “at around 20:15” (25 April Association), “close to 20:30” (Aljube Museum), 21:00 (chronology of the Portuguese Commission of Military History); the 1980 plaque says “in the afternoon”. The surrender on 26 April: at around 09:00 or 09:30.
• Coordinates: no. 22 is not geocoded in OpenStreetMap; the point for the stretch of street returned by Nominatim was used.
• The current commercial name of the apartment complex: Esquerda.net (2009) mentions the “Paço do Duque website”; it has not been confirmed whether the name is still in use in 2026.
• The chronology of the Portuguese Commission of Military History (CPHM) also records that a DGS man captured in the street was shot dead while trying to escape; no confirmation was found in any other source.
• Raul Alves: the 50 Years Commission dates his death to 1 August 1957; Memória Comum gives 31 July 1958, in the context of the strike at the Companhia Industrial Portuguesa after the elections of 8 June 1958. This entry follows 1958, because the context fits.
• António Lopes Almeida (1949): the 50 Years Commission places his death in a room on the third floor of the headquarters; Memória Comum says he died in Aljube Prison, on 21 January 1949.
• Spelling on the plaques: “Gesteira” and “José Guilherme R. Arruda” (1980 plaque) vs “Giesteira” and “João Guilherme Rego Arruda” (Aljube Museum).
• The date on which the PIDE was renamed the DGS (1969) has not been confirmed in any source consulted.
• The interrogation floor: “third floor” (50 Years Commission; Memória Comum) vs “fourth floor” in Maria José Morgado’s account to “Jornal de Notícias” (2005) — perhaps a difference in how the floors are counted.
• Earlier shooting: Jofre Alves (CD25A, the 25 April Documentation Centre) mentions bursts of fire at 13:30 with five wounded, and one death at 16:15 — not confirmed in other sources.
• Street number: 22 (25 April Association, Time Out) or 20 (Observador).
• The exact wording and current location of the 1980 and 2010 plaques — whether they are still in the same place — and which of them the 2024 plaque replaced: “the one that existed until then, but which did not contain correct details”, according to Olhares de Lisboa.
• The names of Conceição Matos’s interrogators: only in Wikipedia.
• The five “Mulheres do Couço” (Women of Couço), arrested in April 1962, are said to have been interrogated and tortured at this headquarters — only Wikipedia says so, among the sources consulted.

PVDE / PIDE / DGS headquarters

• The year of the exhibition: January 1947 (Virgínia Baptista, Teresa Joaquim, the catalogue cited by Wikipedia) or 1946 (a page of the Aljube Museum).
• The link between the General Exhibitions of Visual Arts and the Movement of Democratic Unity (MUD) has only been read in Wikipedia.
• The rooms used, and the date of Manuela Porto’s talk.
• Whether there is any marker of the exhibition in the building.
• Maria Lamas’s letter to Eugénio Bento Ferreira of 6 March 1947 (“a resounding success”; the Catholic press saw the Council as “a mortal danger to Woman and Morality”) was only read as Wikipedia quotes it, from the book “Cartas de Maria Lamas” (Campo das Letras, 2004), which was not consulted.

National Society of Fine Arts

• The point on the map is approximate: it is on Rua da Escola Politécnica, not at the door of no. 20.
• What the “Jornal do Fundão” reported: RTP says it was the only newspaper to carry the news and was suspended for six months as a result; but the memorial of the Portuguese Writers’ Association (APE) cites the account of the raid in the “Diário de Notícias” of 22 May 1965.
• Who carried out the raid: “gangs of unknown persons, backed by PIDE men” (APE memorial, 1983) or “a group of PIDE agents and legionnaires” (RTP).

Portuguese Society of Writers (headquarters)

• How many prisoners came in the first batch: 157 (Commemorative Commission) or 152 (Aljube Museum).
• When the camp reopened: on 14 April 1961, according to the Aljube Museum; the Commemorative Commission only gives the arrival of the first prisoners, on 25 February 1962.
• Whether any prisoners died at Tarrafal between 1949 and the closure of the camp, in 1954: the Commemorative Commission counts 32 deaths “up to that date” (1949) and does not say whether there were more afterwards.
• The temperature inside the “frigideira”: 50 degrees (Commemorative Commission); close to 45, in Edmundo Pedro’s testimony (Memória Comum).

Tarrafal Concentration Camp (Cape Verde)

• When and why Maria Barroso was removed from the theatre: in 1948, on the orders of the police and the Ministry of Education, according to the Mário Soares and Maria Barroso Foundation and the National Culture Centre (which follows Leonor Xavier’s biography); the Assembly of the Republic says she was accused of reciting subversive poetry; the English Wikipedia places her removal around 1946, after a performance of “The House of Bernarda Alba” in Coimbra.
• The day of the 1964 fire, which the theatre’s history page does not give.
• The day of the opening and the day of the queen’s birthday: the theatre’s history page says in one sentence that 13 April 1846 was the “day of the 27th birthday” of D. Maria II, who was born on 4 April 1819, and in another that the theatre opened “during the celebrations” of that birthday; this entry follows the second.

D. Maria II National Theatre

• The day of the “free singing” show: RTP Arquivos dates the recording broadcast by the Emissora Nacional to 24 May 1974, without saying whether that is the day of the show or of the broadcast.

São Luiz Theatre

• The exact spot of the theatre within the former Feira Popular: the captions of photographs from 1961 and 1972 place it on Avenida da República, and in 2015 the building was said to face the avenue; the point on the map is that of the Feira (Wikidata), in the strip of the site next to the avenue.
• In which venue “Lisboa 72-74”, the play in which “Somos Livres” was first heard, opened: no source says, and the list of plays staged at the Vasco Santana Theatre published by Restos de Colecção does not include it (for 1974 it records only “O mar” (The Sea), in March and April).
• The day of the Women’s Liberation Movement show: the clipping from “O Século” says “yesterday”, but bears no date; the Casa Comum dates it to 1974.
• When the theatre closed: in 2003, with the Feira (Restos de Colecção), or in 2006 (Lisboa de Antigamente).
• Whether anything of the building still remains: in 2015 it was in ruins (Misérias de Lisboa), and the site is now under construction.

Vasco Santana Theatre (former Feira Popular funfair)

• The day of the first “Zip-Zip”: 26 May 1969 in the RTP Arquivos video; the photograph of Almada Negreiros on that first broadcast, also from RTP Arquivos, is dated 24 May.
• Whether all the “Zip-Zip” programmes were recorded here: RTP Arquivos places at the Villaret Theatre the excerpts it holds from May to October 1969, but the page for the last programme, of 29 December, does not name the venue.
• Whether there is any plaque or marker in the theatre recalling “Zip-Zip”: no source has been found that says so.

Villaret Theatre

• The time of the occupation: 05:50 (Jofre Alves, CD25A), 06:00 (25 April Association, “Movimentações”, and the Commemorative Commission) or 06:10 (the message to the Command Post, in the “Places of April”).
• Who stopped the frigate from firing: the 25 April Association attributes it to the executive officer, Lieutenant Fernando Caldeira dos Santos; Jofre Alves calls him Fernando Ferreira dos Santos; the Commemorative Commission speaks of the crew, which was “with the Movement”.
• Where in the square the “Places of April” plaque is.

Terreiro do Paço (Praça do Comércio)

• The two Casa Comum photographs give different dates (28 January and 10 February 1949) for the “Lisbon rally (Voz do Operário)”: it remains to be established whether there were two rallies or whether one of the dates is the cataloguing date.
• Whether the rally of 10 February 1949 took place after the decision to withdraw from the election.

A Voz do Operário (The Worker’s Voice)

• The date of the First Feminist and Education Congress: 4 to 9 May 1924 (FCSH+Lisboa, Wikipedia on the Council); Toponímia de Lisboa says 1925 and Wikipedia on Adelaide Cabete says 1921.
• Who she shared the Restauradores practice with, and on which floor: with her niece, the dentist Maria Brazão, on the 2nd floor (Toponímia de Lisboa), or with her sister, Maria Brazão, and her nephew Arnaldo Brazão, on the 1st floor (FCSH+Lisboa).
• The year the Republican League of Portuguese Women was founded: 1909 (Toponímia de Lisboa) or 1908 (Wikipedia).
• Whether she edited the magazine “Alma Feminina”: Toponímia de Lisboa and Wikipedia say she founded it and edited it between 1920 and 1929; the National Library gives Maria Clara Correia Alves as its editor from 1917.

Adelaide Cabete

• The day of his death, 16 October 1982, comes from Wikipedia and from the date of the RTP news item on the twentieth anniversary of his death; Lisbon City Council says only “in 1982”.
• The year of “Trova do Vento que Passa”: Lisbon City Council says it came out on record in 1963; the “Diário de Notícias” dates the song to 1964.

Adriano Correia de Oliveira

• The dates of the arrests in Lisbon (1950, 1951 and 1955), of the release (July 1957) and of the time in the Aljube in 1962 come only from Wikipedia; the Aljube Museum says only that he was arrested several times and released in 1962.

Agostinho Neto

• The day of her arrest: 27 May 1957, according to Wikipedia; the CIG gives only the year.
• When she left prison: six years after her arrest, because of the security measures, according to Wikipedia; the CIG does not give the date.
• The year of the Caxias Manifesto, 1961, appears only in Wikipedia.

Aida Magro

• Where she died and where the funeral, which became a protest demonstration, was held: the sources say only Lisbon.

Albina Fernandes

• Whether she was a founder of the Centre for African Studies, as Wikipedia says: António Tomás Medeiros recounts that the Centre was run by Mário Pinto de Andrade, Amílcar Cabral, Francisco José Tenreiro and António Domingues, and that it was set up in the house where she lived through Mário de Andrade.
• Her age at death: 82, according to Memória Comum; the dates in Wikipedia (30 April 1926 and 9 March 2010) give 83.
• The day of the Batepá massacre: 3 February 1953, according to the Aljube Museum, which the chronology follows; 5 February, in Trindade, according to Memória Comum.

Alda do Espírito Santo

• The dates of birth and death of Alfredo Correia Assunção.

Alfredo Assunção

• The year the Altruist Society gave way to the Portuguese Peace League: 1889 (Toponímia de Lisboa) or 1899 (Wikipedia).
• Whether she co-founded the Altruist Society (Toponímia de Lisboa) or joined it after José Pessanha had set it up (Wikipedia).
• Whether the Portuguese Peace League was the first Portuguese feminist organisation, as Wikipedia says; Toponímia de Lisboa does not say so.
• The places in Lisbon connected with her life and work: the sources give no addresses.

Alice Pestana

• The time and flight of his arrival in Lisbon: there are accounts of an Air France flight at 13:50, which the sources cited here do not confirm.
• The day of his first arrest, in 1937: 20 June, according to Lisbon City Council; 21 July, according to Memória Comum.
• Until when he was a deputy: the Aljube Museum and Memória Comum say he was elected to the Assembly of the Republic at the elections from 1975 to 1987; Lisbon City Council’s brochure says he was elected a deputy “between 1975 and 1992”. This entry follows the museum.

Álvaro Cunhal

• The year the PAIGC was founded: 1956 (19 September), according to the 50 Years Commemorative Commission’s dossier on the war, which this entry follows, as do the glossary and the chronology; 1959, according to the Aljube Museum and the text of the Wikipedia article, whose infobox gives 1956; another page of the same Commission gives 1954.
• The year of his return to Bissau, 1952, comes only from Wikipedia.

Amílcar Cabral

• The place of death: Lisbon, at her home, in the parish of Sé (Wikipedia, which cites the death register), or Setúbal (Toponímia de Lisboa). This entry follows Wikipedia.
• The year the Feminist Propaganda Association was founded: 1911, according to the Assembly of the Republic (12 May) and Wikipedia, or 1912, according to Toponímia de Lisboa.
• The Women’s Committee “Pela Pátria”: from 1914 (Wikipedia) or from 1916 (Toponímia de Lisboa). And the Crusade of Portuguese Women: it grew out of the committee (Toponímia de Lisboa) or was founded by Elzira Dantas Machado, who reorganised the committee (Wikipedia).
• The title of the 1905 manifesto: “Às Mulheres Portuguesas” (To Portuguese Women; CIG, Wikipedia) or “As Mulheres Portuguesas” (Portuguese Women; Toponímia de Lisboa). This entry follows the CIG.
• Who founded “A Sociedade Futura”: Ana de Castro Osório (Toponímia de Lisboa) or Olga de Moraes Sarmento and her husband, Manuel João da Silveira (Wikipedia).

Ana de Castro Osório

• The year of birth (1945) comes only from Wikidata.

Ana Maria Teodósio

• Whether she led the 1907 Nursery School committee, as Wikipedia says, or was only a member of it, as the blog Silêncios e Memórias says.
• The years of her vice-presidency of the National Council of Portuguese Women: 1928, according to the blog Silêncios e Memórias, based on a photograph of the board; 1929, 1931–1934 and 1936, according to Wikipedia, which adds the honorary presidency in 1937.

Angélica Viana Porto

• Her full name: “Angelina Casimira do Carmo da Silva Vidal” (Toponímia de Lisboa) or “Angelina Casimira da Silva Vidal” (Wikipedia).
• Her husband’s surname: “Campo Vidal” (Toponímia de Lisboa) or “Campos Vidal” (Wikipedia, which gives the same surname to their children).

Angelina Vidal

• Until when he was Minister of Finance: until 1932, according to the Torre do Tombo National Archive, or until 28 August 1940, according to the title of a book by the National Propaganda Secretariat listed in the same bibliography (“A obra de Salazar na pasta das Finanças: 27 de Abril de 1928 a 28 de Agosto de 1940” — Salazar’s Work at the Ministry of Finance: 27 April 1928 to 28 August 1940).
• The day and place of birth come only from Wikidata.

António de Oliveira Salazar

• The time he arrived at the Carmo Barracks on 25 April: at around 17:45 (50th Anniversary Commemorative Commission) or at 18:00 (25 April Association).
• The dates and places of birth and death come only from Wikidata.
• The full name, António Sebastião Ribeiro de Spínola, which none of the sources on this page gives.

António de Spínola

• His dates of birth and death: the URAP published a note, “Na morte de António Tereso” (On the death of António Tereso), which could not be read.

António Tereso

• The exact place of the ambush: near Badajoz, according to the Aljube Museum; near Olivença, according to the National Pantheon (see Humberto Delgado).
• Where her remains are today: the sources give only the transfer of Humberto Delgado’s remains, to Lisbon in 1975 and to the National Pantheon in 1990.

Arajaryr Campos

• Whether she was the first Portuguese woman notary, as Toponímia de Lisboa and Wikipedia say, or whether Regina Quintanilha was, as 24 Notícias says (see Regina Quintanilha).
• The full dates of birth and death: Toponímia de Lisboa gives only the years, 1891 and 1931.
• The address of the notary’s office in Alcântara and the date she was appointed notary.
• Which of the two 1924 papers called for the vote: the source says only “one of them”.

Aurora de Castro e Gouveia

• Whether she went on to become a magistrate, as the Wikidata description says: none of the text sources mentions it.
• The year of publication of “Gente Comum – Uma História da PIDE”.

Aurora Rodrigues

• Carlos Albino’s dates of birth and death and his full name.

Carlos Albino

• The year of birth: 1878 (Dicionário de Médicos Portugueses, Isabel Lousada, FCSH, Wikipedia) or 1877 (Toponímia de Lisboa).
• The day of death: 3 October 1911 (Dicionário de Médicos Portugueses, FCSH, Wikipedia), 2 October (Toponímia de Lisboa) or 13 October (Assembly of the Republic). Wikipedia says she died “at around 2 in the morning”, which may explain the date of the 2nd.
• The year she joined the Humanidade Lodge: 1906 (FCSH, drawing on Isabel Lousada) or 1907 (Toponímia de Lisboa).
• Whether the Humanidade Lodge in which she was initiated is the same one that, according to Wikipedia, Deolinda Lopes Vieira helped to found in 1923, by then within the mixed Masonic Order Le Droit Humain (“O Direito Humano”): none of the sources says so.
• Her post in the Republican League of Portuguese Women: vice-president (Toponímia de Lisboa, CIG; João Esteves says she only became so “a mere twenty days before the revolution”) or substitute board member (Dicionário de Médicos Portugueses).
• Where the 1st Civil Court sat, whose judge decided the appeal over her registration: the historian João Esteves says the appeal was lodged at the Boa-Hora Court, on 24 April 1911; the other sources do not say where.
• Where she is buried: in a tomb in the Prazeres Cemetery, according to Wikipedia; no other source confirms it.

Carolina Beatriz Ângelo

• The days and places of birth and death come only from Wikidata and Wikipedia: 30 May 1921, in Lisbon (parish of Mártires), and 25 May 2011 — in Cascais, according to Wikipedia.
• That “Retrato de Mónica” was inspired by her is stated only by Wikipedia, with no source cited.
• The headquarters of the National Women’s Movement in Lisbon: Rua Presidente Arriaga, 6, according to Wikipedia, with no other source.

Cecília Supico Pinto

• The day of birth: 2 May 1933 (Diário de Notícias, Wikipedia, Wikidata) or 3 May (Observador).
• The exact spot where she handed over the carnation (see Rua do Carmo).
• Her job at the restaurant: “waitress and seamstress” (A Mensagem de Lisboa); other accounts say only that she worked at the restaurant.
• The posthumous decoration by the President of the Republic (8 March 2025), mentioned in a headline in Público that could not be read.

Celeste Caeiro

• The day of death: 5 December 2001 (Wikipedia) or 9 December (Wikidata).
• The year she graduated: 1932 (Toponímia de Lisboa) or 1933 (CIG; Wikipedia wavers between the two).
• Her pioneering doctorate: the CIG says she was the first Portuguese woman with a doctorate in obstetrics; Wikipedia, that she was the second woman to earn a doctorate at the Lisbon Faculty of Medicine, after Domitila de Carvalho.
• The “Feminist Committee” whose demands she set out in Santarém: the name is the CIG’s, which does not say which committee it was; Wikipedia places her among the leaders of the campaign’s Women’s Electoral Committee in Lisbon and on the Central Committee of the National Democratic Women’s Movement. Whether it is one of these has not been confirmed; the text quotes the CIG.

Cesina Bermudes

• Who Clarisse Guerra was: her dates of birth and death, her career and whether she was an announcer at Rádio Clube Português.
• What exactly the communiqué said: the siege of the Carmo Barracks (25 April Association, Commemorative Commission) or the ultimatum for Marcelo Caetano’s surrender (Jofre Alves’s chronology).

Clarisse Guerra

• When they left for Paris: in February 1974 (Aljube Museum, in Domingos Abrantes’s biography; Wikipedia) or as early as 1973, after his release (a possible reading of Memória Comum and of her biography at the Aljube Museum).
• When her second imprisonment ended: Memória Comum speaks of two months and a few days in isolation in Caxias; Wikipedia says she was only released in mid-1969.
• The day and month of birth: the sources give only the year, 1936.

Conceição Matos

• The day of death: 6 June 1993, according to Wikipedia; 8 June, according to João Esteves (Silêncios e Memórias).
• The exact address of Workshop School No. 1, in Largo da Graça.
• Whether the great hall where the 1924 congress met was that of the Palácio Vagos, which has belonged to the association since 1913.
• Whether the Humanidade Lodge she helped to found in 1923, within Le Droit Humain, is the same one into which Maria Clara Correia Alves, within the Grande Oriente Lusitano, and Carolina Beatriz Ângelo, in 1906 or 1907, had earlier been initiated: their biographies do not say.

Deolinda Lopes Vieira

• When he left for Paris: in February 1974, according to Domingos Abrantes’s biography at the Aljube Museum, or as early as 1973, according to Conceição Matos’s on the same page.

Domingos Abrantes

• The years she was headmistress of the Liceu D. Maria Pia: from its foundation, in 1906, to November 1912, according to Wikipedia; the other sources give no dates.
• The years of the two legislatures: 1935–1942 (Faces de Eva) or 1934–1938 and 1938–1941 (Wikipedia). Faces de Eva is followed here.
• The political portrait — monarchist, conservative, go-between for Salazar and the former Queen Amélia — and the position on the crucifix in schools, in 1936, come only from Wikipedia.

Domitila de Carvalho

• Her full name: “Elina Júlia Pereira Guimarães da Palma Carlos” (Toponímia de Lisboa, Wikipedia) or “Elina Júlia Chaves Pereira Guimarães” (CIG).
• The year of the article against Júlio Dantas in “Vida Académica”: 1922 (Toponímia de Lisboa) or 1925 (Wikipedia).
• When she joined the National Council of Portuguese Women: at 20, around 1924 (Toponímia de Lisboa), or in 1925 (Silêncios e Memórias; the CIG gives 1925 as the year she joined the feminist movement).

Elina Guimarães

• Emídio Santana’s role in the attack: Wikipedia names him as one of the perpetrators; the Aljube Museum speaks of an attack “usually attributed” to anarchists like him, in liaison with other elements of the Popular Front; Memória Comum speaks of a mixed group — Lisbon taxi drivers, anarchist leaders, “most notably Emídio Santana”, and some PCP activists acting individually.
• Whether he actually served the sentence of banishment, and where: the 1939 sentence gave, as an alternative, 25 years of banishment in a “first-class possession”, and the sources say only that he passed through the penitentiaries of Lisbon and Coimbra and was released in 1953.
• Much of the biography comes from Wikipedia, which draws on Emídio Santana’s own memoirs and on his papers in the Arquivo Histórico-Social; his time in prison is confirmed by Memória Comum.

Emídio Santana

• The year and place of birth come only from Wikipedia (6 October 1946, Lourenço Marques).
• When “Lisboa 72-74” opened and when the record of “Somos Livres” came out: RTP says the song is from 1974; the Valentim de Carvalho label dates the single to 1975.

Ermelinda Duarte

• The day of birth: the Aljube Museum gives only the year, 1937, and says he was 25 when he died, on 1 May 1962 — which requires a birth on or before 1 May 1937.
• The exact spot where he fell: on Rua da Madalena or in Largo do Caldas.

Estêvão Giro

• The year he broke with the PCP: Wikipedia says 1967 and links it to the invasion of Czechoslovakia, which was in August 1968.
• The day and place of birth, 24 March 1939, in Vila Real, come only from Wikidata; the other sources do not give them.
• When Eurico Figueiredo was expelled from the university: the Aljube Museum, in its account of his arrest on 28 May 1962, says he never took office in the RIA because he had been expelled; the 50 Years Commemorative Commission and Wikipedia place him among the 21 students excluded for thirty months by an order issued at the end of June.

Eurico Figueiredo

• The day of birth (1 December 1926) and of death (11 December 2007) come only from Wikipedia and Wikidata.
• At which session of the “Novas Cartas Portuguesas” trial she gave evidence: Wikipedia names her among the defence witnesses, without a date.

Fernanda Botelho

• His age and home town: 18 and from Salto, Montalegre, according to the Aljube Museum and 7Margens, which matches the date of birth; 17 and from Vila Pouca de Aguiar, according to Esquerda.net (Memória Comum also says 17).
• His father’s name: Amândio Gomes Giesteira, according to the Aljube Museum; Armando Gomes Giesteira, according to 7Margens.

Fernando Giesteira

• The place of death: “by all indications” the Estrela Military Hospital, according to the Aljube Museum.
• His place of birth and age: Arranhó, Arruda dos Vinhos, and 23, according to the Aljube Museum; Lisbon and 24, according to the newspaper “O Século” of 28 April 1974, cited by Esquerda.net.

Fernando Reis

• His rank: officer cadet (aspirante), according to the 25 April Association and the Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April; conscript second lieutenant (alferes miliciano), according to the chronology by Jofre Alves, which gives his full name.
• His dates of birth and death, and what happened to him after 25 April.

Fernando Sottomayor

• The day and place of birth (Chaves, 30 June 1914) and of death (Lisbon, 31 July 2001) come only from Wikidata.

Costa Gomes

• The day and place of birth (Lisbon, 30 May 1936) come from Wikidata; RTP gives her age at her death as 89.

Glória de Matos

• Which secondary school she attended: the Aljube Museum’s record mentions the Liceu D. Filipa de Lencastre and the Liceu Rainha D. Leonor, without saying which.
• Who questioned her in 1965: “the rector of the University”, according to the Aljube Museum’s record. She was then at secondary school (liceu), and the liceus were also headed by a “reitor” (rector); which of the two is meant has not been confirmed in another source.

Helena Cabeçadas

• The day of her death: 7 or 17 March 1991 — Toponímia de Lisboa gives both dates, and Wikidata only the year.

Helena Félix

• The day of her release: 25 April (Aljube Museum) or the early hours of the 27th, when the prisoners left Caxias (the press of the time, cited by Esquerda.net).
• In which years she was a deputy in the Assembly of the Republic.

Helena Neves

• The year the Democratic Women’s Movement was founded: 1969 (Helena Pato’s biography at the Aljube Museum) or 1968 (Isabel do Carmo’s biography at the same museum).

Helena Pato

• Whether she was one of the founders of the Botequim: so say FCSH+Lisboa and the Aljube Museum (which write “Isabel Meireles”); the chronology in “O Essencial sobre Natália Correia” (Imprensa Nacional, 2024) gives the bar as the property of a partnership between Natália Correia and Isabel Meyrelles, and does not name her.

Helena Roseta

• The place of death: Badajoz (Aljube Museum, 50th Anniversary Commemorative Commission) or near Olivença (National Pantheon; Wikipedia is more precise: Los Almerines, near São Rafael de Olivença). The bodies were not found until April 1965, at Villanueva del Fresno.
• The day he arrived at Santa Apolónia: 16 May 1958, the date chosen for the plaque unveiled at the station in 2008, or 15 May, “the day after” Porto, according to the Aljube Museum.
• When his dissent began: from the 1940s (Aljube Museum) or in the 1950s (50th Anniversary Commemorative Commission).

Humberto Delgado

• Her grade in the Order of Liberty: Commander (CIG) or Grand Officer (Wikipedia); the Aljube Museum says only “decorated”.
• How long she was imprisoned after 1978: released in 1982, according to the Aljube Museum; “about four years (1978-1984)”, according to the CIG, which contradicts itself: that span is six years. This entry follows the Aljube Museum.
• The year the MDM was founded: 1968 (Aljube Museum, in this biography) or 1969 (Helena Pato’s biography).
• The exact dates and places of the 1970 and 1972 arrests.

Isabel do Carmo

• The spelling of his surname: Diniz (Aljube Museum, Wikidata) or Dinis (25 April Association, Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April).
• Whether he knew that the song he was announcing was a signal: the sources do not say.
• The year of birth (1949) comes only from Wikidata.

João Paulo Diniz

• The date and place of birth are only in Wikidata.
• That it was also he who read the second communiqué, at 04:45: the chronology by Jofre Alves says so; the 25 April Association records the communiqué without saying who read it.

Joaquim Furtado

• Where he died: in the observation room of the Santa Maria Hospital (Memória Comum, the Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April and the Aljube Museum’s page on the murder) or already dead on arrival at the hospital (the biography at the same museum).

José António Ribeiro Santos

• His age: 38, according to the Aljube Museum and Time Out, which matches the date of birth; 37, according to “O Século” of 28 April 1974, cited by Esquerda.net.

José Barneto

• The time of the crime: “in broad daylight” (Toponímia de Lisboa) or “early in the evening” (Voz do Operário).

José Dias Coelho

• Whether José Mário Branco and Luís Cília came on the same plane as Álvaro Cunhal, on 30 April 1974, as several biographies say: the RTP report shows the arrival at the airport, but does not say so.
• The year of “Ser Solidário”: the Aljube Museum says the record came out in 1980; RTP says the songs were a show conceived in November 1980, and it filmed the preparations for the presentation of the record in April 1982.

José Mário Branco

• The dates and places of birth and death come only from Wikidata.

Pinheiro de Azevedo

• His full name, his dates of birth and death, and what happened to him after 25 April.

Junqueira dos Reis

• Whether the announcer is the journalist and writer Teodomiro Leite de Vasconcelos (Arcos de Valdevez, 1944 – Maputo, 1997), as Wikipedia says; that is why no dates of birth and death are given here.
• The same Wikipedia article has him as the live announcer that night; the 25 April Association says he was off duty, that his voice had been recorded the day before and that the announcer on duty was Paulo Coelho.

Leite de Vasconcelos

• The place of death: Sesimbra, according to the text of Wikipedia, or Lisbon, according to the infobox on the same page and Wikidata. Wikidata also gives Espariz as the place of birth, as against Lisbon in Wikipedia.

Luís Filipe Lindley Cintra

• The day the SPE decided on the prize: 21 May 1965, according to the Wikipedia article on Luandino; the article on the SPE cites reports in the “Diário de Lisboa” and “República” of 19 May on the awarding of the prizes.

José Luandino Vieira

• Whether Luís Cília and José Mário Branco came on the same plane as Álvaro Cunhal, on 30 April 1974: the RTP report does not say.

Luís Cília

• The year of birth, 1947, is taken from the age given in the 2021 interview and from Wikipedia (which gives 10 May 1947).
• Lisbon City Council writes “Luísa Bastos” in the list of singers at the CGTP-IN’s 10th anniversary, in 1980; it is read as Luísa Basto.

Luísa Basto

• The place and day of birth: the Aljube Museum gives only the year, 1942.

Luísa Tito de Morais

• The title of the 1967 play about Bocage: “Bocage, Alma Sem Medo” (Toponímia de Lisboa) or “Bocage – alma sem mundo” (DramaOnline).
• The title of the 1974 chronicle: “Lisboa 72-74” (DramaOnline, which this entry follows), “Lisboa 72/74” (RTP Arquivos) or “Lisboa 1972-74” (Toponímia de Lisboa).
• The year the square was named: an edict of 26 June 2001, according to Toponímia de Lisboa; DramaOnline says 2004.

Luzia Maria Martins

• The exact dates of birth (13 March 1942) and of death (21 February 2008) come only from the English Wikipedia; the CIG gives only the years.
• The date the MLM was founded: May 1974 (CIG), 7 May 1974 (Comunidade Cultura e Arte) or April 1974 (English Wikipedia).
• The year she joined the Commission on the Status of Women: 1980, according to the English Wikipedia; the CIG says only “in the 1980s”.

Madalena Barbosa

• The year and place of birth (1942, Vagos) come from Wikidata.

Manuel Freire

• The escape from the Aljube and the details of the torture appear only in Wikipedia, which cites “Público” of 2010.

Manuel Serra

• The day of the talk on Virginia Woolf: the exhibition was open from 4 to 12 January 1947, and the sources do not say on which day she spoke.
• At which headquarters she worked as vice-president of the CNMP: on Praça dos Restauradores or already on Travessa da Fábrica das Sedas, in Amoreiras, where the Council moved in 1946.

Manuela Porto

• The dates and places of birth and death come only from Wikidata.

Marcelo Caetano

• When she went underground: at the end of 1954 (testimony at the Aljube Museum) or in 1955 (Wikipedia and José Dias Coelho’s biography at the same museum).
• The address of the clandestine house in Lisbon where she lived with José Dias Coelho and where the document-forging office operated.

Margarida Tengarrinha

• The date of her release: December 1968, on parole (Wikipedia), or December 1969, after “ten years” in Caxias (Memória Comum).
• The day of the trial (22 October 1960) and the place of her arrest (in a taxi, on Avenida da Liberdade) appear only in Wikipedia.
• Whether she was the “first woman in Portugal sentenced to prison for political reasons”, as the CIG says: Memória Comum says, more precisely, that she was the first woman sentenced to eight years of major imprisonment plus security measures.
• The end of her term as a deputy: 1986, according to Wikipedia and Memória Comum, which elsewhere says “from 1975 to 1985”.
• The memorial plaque unveiled in 2024 on Rua José Dias Coelho, in Alcântara, mentioned only in Wikipedia.

Maria Alda Nogueira

• The place of birth (Lisbon) and the day of death (31 March 2023) appear only in Wikipedia; the CIG gives only the years, 1942–2023.
• The year she became the magazine’s managing editor: 1975, according to Wikipedia; the CIG does not say.
• The year of “Aborto, o crime está na lei”: 1984, according to the CIG and the list of works in Wikipedia; the introduction of the same Wikipedia article says 1978.
• Whether the newsroom of “Mulher – Modas e Bordados” was in the “O Século” building in 1974–1975.
• Whether she was arrested in 1962: the CIG and Wikipedia say that the PIDE arrested her during the academic crisis, for supporting the hunger strike in the canteen; Memória Comum, which records political prisoners, gives 26 November 1972 as the date of her first arrest.
• That she was arrested at Lisbon airport: Wikipedia says only “at the airport”, and the CIG says she was arrested in 1972, on her return from Brazil.

Maria Antónia Fiadeiro

• The charges: “illegal practice of medicine”, in the complaint by the Alfredo da Costa Maternity Hospital (CIG, Wikipedia); “offending public decency and incitement to crime”, in her own account to Comunidade Cultura e Arte.
• Which Lisbon court she was tried in, in 1979.
• Whether the newsroom of “O Século Ilustrado” was in the newspaper’s building, on Rua de O Século.

Maria Antónia Palla

• The place of birth: Fuzeta, in Olhão, according to the Mário Soares and Maria Barroso Foundation (Wikidata says Olhão); Lisbon, according to the Assembly of the Republic’s exhibition. This entry follows the Foundation.
• Where in France, and on which day, the train on which they returned set out.
• When she was banned from teaching in state schools: the Assembly of the Republic’s exhibition gives no dates, and the Mário Soares and Maria Barroso Foundation gives only the refusal of her licence to teach privately, in 1959.
• Which list she stood for in 1969: the CDE, in the Santarém constituency, according to the chronology of the Mário Soares and Maria Barroso Foundation; the CEUD, according to the Assembly of the Republic (the CIG says only “opposition lists”). The CEUD was formed in Lisbon, Porto and Braga (Mário Soares’s chronology at the same Foundation), but Maria Barroso’s chronology captions photographs of her at CEUD rallies in 1969. The text gives both versions.

Maria Barroso

• The days of birth (16 January 1877) and death (28 July 1942) come only from Wikipedia; Faces de Eva gives only the years.
• Where and when she published the explanation of Salazar’s choice: Irene Flunser Pimentel quotes it without giving the source.

Maria Cândida Parreira

• The dates and places of birth, marriage and death come only from Wikipedia, which cites the parish and civil registers.
• Until when she edited “Alma Feminina”: until 1920, according to Wikipedia; the National Library’s record, which covers the magazine from 1917 to 1946, lists her as editor, without dates.

Maria Clara Correia Alves

• The day of her arrest, 6 December 1973, and the escape to Paris she was preparing come from Wikipedia, which cites the book “Os Últimos Presos do Estado Novo” (The Last Prisoners of the Estado Novo), by Joana Pereira Bastos; she herself, in 2014, said only “in December ’73”.
• Whether she was an active member of the Revolutionary Brigades, as Carlos Antunes (quoted by António de Araújo) and Eloísa Aragão’s thesis say, or only a supporter, as she said in 2014: “the only thing I did before 25 April was to support some actions of the Revolutionary Brigades”.
• Who decided that she would be the one to read the declaration in the Capela do Rato: Carlos Antunes says it was he, “for reasons of discipline”; the Catholics’ accounts speak of a group decision, and António de Araújo records Antunes’s version with reservations.
• Her full name: “Maria da Conceição Victor Moita”, according to the 1973 DGS case file quoted by António de Araújo.

Maria da Conceição Moita

• The date she took over as chair of the Commission for Social Policy on Women (November 1973, according to Wikipedia).
• Whether she was the first woman minister in Portugal, as is often said: neither the Pintasilgo Archive nor Wikipedia states it.
• The exact date she was sworn in as Secretary of State (May 1974).
• A place in Lisbon with a documented address linked to her work in the 1970s (the ministry, the Commission on the Status of Women).

Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo

• Maria do Amparo’s full name and the dates of her life: the sources read do not give them.
• The year in which “Trevo de Maio” won the Figueira da Foz festival (the record is from 1973).

Maria do Amparo

• The legislatures in which she was a deputy: the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 5th, according to the journal Faces de Eva; Wikipedia says she was one from 1935 to 1945.

Maria Guardiola

• The date of death: 7 March 1963 (Wikipedia, which cites the death register); Wikidata also has 7 March 1953, and a text from the Aljube Museum speaks of “58 years since her death”, which may date from 2021.
• The spelling of the surname: “Inglez” (Aljube Museum) or “Inglês” (Wikipedia, Casa Comum).
• The year of the episode at the Plenary Court and the Mónicas (1958, according to Wikipedia; the Aljube Museum does not date it).
• Whether she was a leader of the National Council of Portuguese Women and of the Portuguese Women’s Association for Peace: the Aljube Museum calls her a “leader” of both (and of the MUD, between 1946 and 1948); the CIG and Wikipedia say she joined the Council as a member, in the 1930s, and later joined the Association.

Isabel Aboim Inglez

• The date of birth: 10 July 1939 (MDM, Wikipedia, Wikidata) or 7 October 1939 (Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April).
• The place of death: Observador mentions the cremation at the Olivais cemetery, without saying where she died.
• Whether she was at the MLM demonstration in Parque Eduardo VII on 13 January 1975 (the sources consulted name her as a founder of the movement, not as a demonstrator that day).

Maria Isabel Barreno

• The day of birth, 27 June 1951, appears only in Wikidata; the CIG gives only the year, and none of the sources says where she was born.
• How long she was held, and whether she was only released with 25 April.
• The interrogation floor: “the fourth floor”, in her account to the Jornal de Notícias; the third floor, according to the other sources on the PIDE headquarters — perhaps a difference in the way the floors are counted.

Maria José Morgado

• The dates of her arrests: four (1949, 1950, 1951 and 1953) according to Virgínia Baptista; three, between 1949 and 1962, according to the Aljube Museum; 1949, 1953 and 1962 according to Wikipedia.
• When she started at “Modas e Bordados”: 1928 (Virgínia Baptista; Wikipedia) or 1930 (CIG); the MDM gives April 1929 for her joining “O Século”, “a short time later” for her joining the supplement’s editorship, and her name as editor from the issue of 3 August 1938.
• The number of instalments of “As Mulheres do Meu País”: 15 (Virgínia Baptista) or 24 (Teresa Joaquim).
• The dates of her exiles: Virgínia Baptista gives 1953, 1956–1957 and 1961–1969; the MDM gives Madeira from the end of 1957 to 1959 and Paris from June 1962 to 3 December 1969.
• That the airport where she was arrested in December 1953 is Lisbon’s: the MDM writes only “at the Airport”.
• The lists Maria Lamas signed in 1945, her “first political act”: those for the founding of the MUD, according to A Voz do Operário; those of the MUD Juvenil (Youth Movement of Democratic Unity), according to Virgínia Baptista, the MDM and Maria Lamas herself, in an interview quoted by Gerador. The MUD Juvenil was only formed in 1946, according to the Aljube Museum; this entry follows A Voz do Operário.

Maria Lamas

• The date of death, 7 January 2022, is given only by Wikidata.

Maria Lourença Cabecinha

• The name under which she appears in the sources: “Maria Van Zeller” in the Assembly of the Republic’s pages on the 1946 and 1947 debates, “Luísa Vanzeller” in the Hemeroteca de Lisboa (Lisbon newspaper library) record on the Women’s Portuguese Youth; her parliamentary biography records her speech in the 1946 debate on electoral registration.

Maria Luísa van Zeller

• Which ARA actions she took part in: the Aljube Museum says only that she took part “in preparing several actions”, without naming them.

Maria Machado

• The day of death: 23 March 1932 (Wikipedia) or 21 March (Silêncios e Memórias).
• The place of death: “near Cape Verde”, according to the body of the Wikipedia article, or “Brazilian coast”, according to the opening of the same article; Silêncios e Memórias says only “in the Atlantic Ocean”. Two days out from Brazil, Cape Verde is a long way off; the place of death gives only what the sources have in common.
• The address where she lived in Lisbon, which the sources do not give.

Maria O'Neill

• The day she was sworn in, in August 1970: the appointment was reported in “A Capital” on 20 August.
• In which legislature she was a deputy in the National Assembly (Observador does not say, and Wikipedia confuses it with her appointment to the government).

Maria Teresa Cárcomo Lobo

• The date of the street attack: the Aljube Museum places it on the eve of the three writers’ weekly lunch at which, in May 1971, the idea of the “Novas Cartas Portuguesas” was born, without giving the day; Observador speaks of violence “in the streets”, with no date or place.
• The defence lawyer: Duarte Vidal, according to Wikipedia; the Diário de Lisboa of May 1974 calls “Dr Ataíde Ferreira” “Maria Teresa Horta’s lawyer” and gives Duarte Vidal as Maria Isabel Barreno’s lawyer.

Maria Teresa Horta

• The day of birth: 26 November 1871 (Toponímia de Lisboa) or 26 February 1871 (Wikipedia, which gives Rua da Parreira, in Faro).
• Whether she was a founding member of the Republican League of Portuguese Women (Toponímia de Lisboa) or joined in 1909 without being on the organising committee, because António José de Almeida thought her too revolutionary (Wikipedia).
• Whether she chaired the Portuguese Group for Feminist Studies in 1907, as Toponímia de Lisboa says: Wikipedia calls her one of its founders, and other sources give the presidency to Ana de Castro Osório.
• Until when she chaired the League: according to Wikipedia, she broke with it in 1915, when the League declared itself non-partisan.
• The year of the pamphlet “Emancipação Feminina”: 1906 (Toponímia de Lisboa) or 1902 (Wikipedia).

Maria Veleda

• The date of death: 23 May 2020 (Observador, in a news report from that same day); the summary read on the Imprensa Nacional page gave 25 May.
• Wikipedia says that her father, an infantry officer, joined the censors of the Lisbon censorship committee in 1958; no other source was found.

Maria Velho da Costa

• The day of death: 2 January 1950, according to the Aljube Museum and Memória Comum, which says he fell into a coma that morning; 3 January, according to Wikidata.
• His age at death: the Aljube Museum says 54, but the dates it gives (13 August 1896 and 2 January 1950) make 53.
• How long he was held in strict isolation: “nine months”, according to the Aljube Museum — the time from his arrest, on 25 March 1949, to his death; from his transfer to the Penitentiary, on 10 May, to his death is less than eight months.

Militão Ribeiro

• The sentence over the “Antologia”: 90 days in prison commuted to a fine (Imprensa Nacional), 90 days suspended (Assembly of the Republic) or a three-year suspended sentence (Toponímia de Lisboa, FCSH).
• The year of the conviction: 1970, at the end of the trial (Imprensa Nacional, Toponímia de Lisboa), or 1966 (Aljube Museum, RTP Ensina), which is the year of the book according to the Imprensa Nacional; the Assembly of the Republic dates the edition to November 1965.
• Whether she was actually imprisoned in 1966, as Wikipedia says; no other source mentions it.
• The day of the first debate on abortion: 2 March 1982 (Assembly of the Republic) or 3 March (Polígrafo, which read the minutes). The FCSH places the reply to João Morgado in the debate of 12 November 1982.
• Where Estúdios Cor, the publishing house of which she was literary director, was located.

Natália Correia

• The full name: Carolina Noémia Abranches de Sousa Soares, according to Wikipedia.
• The biography rests mainly on Wikipedia: an institutional source is still needed to confirm the Lisbon years (1951–1964) and the exile in Paris.

Noémia de Sousa

• The day he withdrew: 12 February 1949, according to Wikipedia, or “three days before the election”, that is, 10 February, according to the Aljube Museum.

Norton de Matos

• The founding of the Feminist Section of the Portuguese Peace League and the lecture of 18 May 1906 at the Lisbon Geographical Society are documented only in Wikipedia.
• The date and place of death: December 1948, with no place, in the Wikipedia text; 17 October 1948, in Lisbon, in Wikidata. Hélène de Zuylen died in Lisbon on 17 October 1947.

Olga Morais Sarmento

• The day and place of birth (Lourenço Marques, now Maputo, 31 August 1936) and of death (Lisbon, 25 July 2021) come only from Wikidata; the 25 April Documentation Centre gives only the year of birth.
• Where he was elected to the leadership of the Coordinating Committee: at the Óbidos meeting, on 1 December 1973 (the 50 Years Commemorative Commission), or at the Costa da Caparica meeting, on 5 December (25 April Association).
• When he took over COPCON and the Lisbon Military Region: the 25 April Documentation Centre gives 13 July 1975, but the 50 Years Commemorative Commission already presents him as deputy commander of COPCON in September 1974.
• Whether he was in fact held at the Palácio de Belém on 28 September: the 50 Years Commemorative Commission says that he and Vasco Gonçalves were “apparently detained”.

Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho

• The day and place of birth (Lisbon, 15 May 1947) come only from Wikidata.

Paulo de Carvalho

• The date of death: 31 July 1958, according to Memória Comum; 1 August 1957, according to the Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April.

Raul Alves

• Whether she was the first Portuguese woman notary, as 24 Notícias says, or the second, after Aurora de Castro e Gouveia, as Wikipedia and Toponímia de Lisboa say.
• Whether she was the first woman to graduate in law in Portugal (24 Notícias) or one of the first, with Maria da Ascensão de Sousa Sampaio (Wikipedia).
• The dates of her presidency of the General Assembly of the National Council of Portuguese Women (1917–1919) come only from Wikipedia.

Regina Quintanilha

• The date and place of death: 3 April 1992, at the Military Hospital in Lisbon (Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April); 3 April 1992, in Santarém (25 April Documentation Centre); 4 April 1992, in Santarém (Wikidata).
• The year he joined the Cavalry Practical School: 1967, according to the Commemorative Commission, which gives the day (1 February); 1966, according to the 25 April Documentation Centre.

Salgueiro Maia

• When he returned to Portugal: the Aljube Museum says “a year after the April Revolution”; a source with the date is still needed.
• The year of “Os Sobreviventes”: the Aljube Museum says it came out in 1971 and was banned three days later; the “Diário de Notícias” says that, recorded in April 1971, it was only published in September 1972.

Sérgio Godinho

• Whether it was Silva Pais who gave the order to fire: Jofre Alves’s chronology attributes to him, together with senior inspector Coelho Dias, the orders to fire on the crowd at 13:30; the other sources do not say so.
• The dates and places of birth and death come only from Wikidata.

Silva Pais

• The day and place of birth (Lisbon, 11 February 1938) come from Wikidata; Visão writes, on 21 February 2019, that she had turned 81 “a few days ago”.

Simone de Oliveira

• The total time in prison: “more than 13 years”, according to the PCP’s 2010 note, or “more than twelve years”, according to the PCP’s speech on the centenary of her birth (2022).
• The day of death: 22 April 2010, according to Wikidata; the PCP’s note, published that day, does not say.

Sofia Ferreira

• The address of the practice (Rua da Palma, 206, 1st floor left) and the dates of her hospital career (1918–1948) depend only on Wikipedia.

Sofia Quintino

• The name of the commission: Comissão Nacional de Socorro aos Presos Políticos, CNSPP, according to Eloísa Aragão and the Assembly of the Republic’s exhibition on women in politics; the Assembly’s text on the National Pantheon honours calls it “Comissão Nacional de Apoio aos Presos Políticos” and, in another passage, “Associação de Socorro aos Presos Políticos”. This entry uses the most cited name.
• The book in which the poem “25 de Abril” was first published (probably “O Nome das Coisas”, 1977, which appears in the Assembly of the Republic’s bibliography).
• Whether she was at the Capela do Rato vigil (the sources differ).
• The place of death: Lisbon, according to Wikidata; the other sources say she lived on Travessa das Mónicas until her death, without saying where she died.

Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen

• These come only from Wikipedia: her help in the escape of “Pavel” from the Aljube (May 1938), the date of her arrest (15 February 1962), her time in Caxias, the detail that she was the first woman announcer on Rádio Voz da Liberdade, and the day she returned to Portugal (2 May 1974). The CIG says only that she was arrested and tortured “in Lisbon” and that she was the voice of the radio station.
• At which headquarters of the National Council of Portuguese Women she was active: the one in Restauradores or the one in Amoreiras, where the Council moved in 1946. Wikipedia places her joining after July 1946; the CIG gives no date.

Stella Piteira Santos

• When she sang the songs of “Minha Senhora de Mim” at the Coliseu and was booed: the musicologist Luís Freitas Branco tells the story without a date.
• When “Mulheres Guerrilheiras” came out and when the Women’s Liberation Movement show at the Vasco Santana Theatre took place: Wikipedia dates the record to December 1974, with a doubt.
• The dates of birth and death come only from Wikipedia.

Teresa Paula Brito

• The days and places of birth and death: the CIG gives only the years, 1915 and 1998.

Virgínia Moura

• When she began to head the Lisbon office of the Agência Americana de Notícias: Toponímia de Lisboa links it to the support for the Crusade of Portuguese Women during the Great War; Wikipedia says she only began working at the agency in 1922.
• At which number on Rua do Norte she lived, and until when: Toponímia de Lisboa says only that she rented a home opposite the newspaper.

Virgínia Quaresma

• The date of the 1st Portuguese Song Meeting: 29 March 1974 (Carlos Gil’s photograph at the Casa Comum; Wikipedia) or 28 March (the 25 April Association’s chronology).
• The time at which “Grândola” was played on Rádio Renascença: 00:20 (Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April) or 00:25 (RTP Ensina).
• When he left Caxias: Wikipedia says he was held between April and May 1973; the 25 April Association records only the arrest, in April.

José Afonso (Zeca Afonso)

• Where the association had its headquarters.

Founding of the Women’s Mutual Aid Association of Tobacco Day Workers

• The title of the manifesto: “Às Mulheres Portuguesas” (To Portuguese Women), according to the CIG (and Wikipedia); Toponímia de Lisboa writes “As Mulheres Portuguesas” (The Portuguese Women). This entry follows the CIG.

Ana de Castro Osório publishes the first Portuguese feminist manifesto

• What came into being in 1885: FCSH+Lisboa says that in that year King Luís signed, at the request of Maria Amália Vaz de Carvalho, a decree authorising a girls’ secondary school; the school was only established in 1906.

Creation of the Liceu Maria Pia, the first girls’ secondary school

• Who led the Group: Ana de Castro Osório (Almanaque Republicano, Dicionário de Médicos Portugueses) or Maria Veleda, whom Toponímia de Lisboa gives as its president in 1907.
• Who ran the evening classes at the Dr Afonso Costa School Centre: Toponímia de Lisboa attributes them to the Group; the CIG says it was Maria Veleda who set them up, in 1905, as a teacher at the Centre.

Founding of the Portuguese Group for Feminist Studies

• Where its editorial office was.

The magazine “Alma Feminina” (1907–1908), with Virgínia Quaresma

• The day in February 1909 on which the League was legally constituted.

Founding of the Republican League of Portuguese Women

• Where the flags were sewn and on which buildings they were raised.

Proclamation of the Republic in Lisbon

• The day of the assembly that approved the petition: 26 October (Toponímia de Lisboa; “A Capital” of 27 October says it was considered “yesterday”) or 19 October (João Esteves).
• Where the assembly met: perhaps at the headquarters on Rua dos Castelinhos, but the sources do not say.

League assembly approves the feminist list of demands

• The day: 27 October 1910, according to the newspaper “A Capital” (quoted in the journal “ex æquo”), which says the petition had been considered at a general assembly the day before, and the historian João Esteves, who puts its approval on 19 October and its delivery, “to several ministries”, on the 27th; the date fits with the divorce law, of 3 November. Wikipedia gives 27 November.
• What the petition asked for besides the vote: revision of the Civil Code and the divorce law, according to Wikipedia; “A Capital” and João Esteves speak only of a “wide-ranging petition of feminist demands”, among them the vote.
• Carolina Beatriz Ângelo’s post in the League: vice-president (João Esteves, who says she only became so “a scant twenty days before the revolution”; CIG; Wikipedia) or substitute member of the board (Dicionário de Médicos Portugueses).

The League presents its demands to the Provisional Government, among them the vote

• Whether Portugal was the second European country, after Norway, to allow divorce by mutual consent: this is what the Assembly of the Republic writes, but it has not been confirmed in any other source (the French Civil Code of 1804, which remained in force in Belgium, also allowed it).

Provisional Government decrees the Divorce Law

• The day: Elina Guimarães dates the promulgation to 25 December 1910; the Assembly of the Republic dates the publication to the 27th. This entry uses the date of promulgation.

Family Laws: civil marriage and equality in the marital partnership

• Who was received by Teófilo Braga: a party of all eight, led by Carolina Beatriz Ângelo (Wikipedia), or a delegation of three — Ana de Castro Osório, Carolina Beatriz Ângelo and Maria Laura Monteiro Torres — the eight being the signatories (João Esteves). This entry follows João Esteves.
• Where the delegation was received.

Women’s delegation takes the proposal for women’s suffrage to Teófilo Braga

• The day: 28 April 1911, the date of the ruling (João Esteves); FCSH+Lisboa gives 3 May for the approval of her inclusion on the rolls. This entry follows João Esteves.
• Whether Ana de Castro Osório also applied to be registered: FCSH+Lisboa says she did and was refused; João Esteves writes that it was planned but never happened.

Court ruling orders Carolina Beatriz Ângelo to be registered as a voter

• Whether the consulting rooms where the association was born were still those at Rua Nova do Almada, 84, where an advertisement from 1909 places them.
• The year: 1911 (Assembly of the Republic, João Esteves) or 1912 (the Toponímia de Lisboa page on Ana de Castro Osório). This entry uses 1911.
• Who chaired the association at first: Carolina Beatriz Ângelo, according to Toponímia de Lisboa; João Esteves writes that Carolina became its leader when Ana de Castro Osório left for Brazil, right after the elections of 28 May 1911; according to Wikipedia, Ana was elected president when Carolina died, in October that year.

Feminist Propaganda Association founded

• The Assembly of the Republic writes that in 1911 only Finland recognised women’s right to vote in Europe; but Norway had given it since 1907, in national elections, to women with a certain income (Storting). The summary says both.

Carolina Beatriz Ângelo, the first woman to vote in Portugal

• The day: 3 October 1911 (João Esteves, FCSH+Lisboa, Dicionário de Médicos Portugueses), 2 October (Toponímia de Lisboa) or 13 October (Assembly of the Republic). This entry uses 3 October.
• The number of the house on Rua António Pedro, in Arroios, where she died.

Death of Carolina Beatriz Ângelo

• Where the magazine’s editorial office and the association’s headquarters were.

The Feminist Propaganda Association’s magazine “A Mulher Portuguesa” comes out

• The League’s petition: the Assembly of the Republic places it in the Senate, on 9 July; João Esteves speaks of a petition approved on 3 July, delivered on the 6th to the President of the Chamber of Deputies and read at the session of the 8th.

Socialist and republican women ask the Senate for the vote

• The League’s petition: the Assembly of the Republic places it in the Senate, on 9 July; João Esteves speaks of a petition approved on 3 July, delivered on the 6th to the President of the Chamber of Deputies and read at the session of the 8th.

League delivers a petition for women’s right to vote to the Senate

• The day it was founded: 30 May 1914, according to Wikipedia; the other sources give only the year.
• When it joined the International Council of Women: the CIG and Wikipedia say the Council was born as its branch; FCSH+Lisboa places its affiliation to the ICW and the IWSA in the 1920s.
• The floor of the consulting rooms: first (FCSH+Lisboa, Wikipedia) or second (Toponímia de Lisboa).

Founding of the National Council of Portuguese Women

• The day of the strike: the source says only that it was after 8 August 1915.

Strike by the Ramiro Leão & C.ª seamstresses

• Where its headquarters in Lisbon were.

Creation of the Crusade of Portuguese Women

• The number and date of the 1917 law and of the 1918 ratification.

Law abolishes civil restrictions on grounds of sex

• Who edited the bulletin in the 1920s: Toponímia de Lisboa says it was Adelaide Cabete, between 1920 and 1929; Wikipedia gives Maria Clara Correia Alves until 1919 and Elina Guimarães in 1929–1930.

The National Council of Portuguese Women’s magazine “Alma Feminina” comes out

• Where the Office Workers’ Association had its headquarters in 1921.

Founding of the Portuguese Communist Party

• Whether the great hall of the Mutual Aid Association of Commercial Employees of Lisbon, where the congress was held, was the one in the Palácio Vagos, on Largo de São Cristóvão, which the association had held since 1913.

First Feminist and Education Congress

• Where the maternity clinic was, next to the Xabregas factory.

The National Tobacco Company’s maternity clinic, in Xabregas

• The day of the surrender in Porto: the afternoon of 7 February (Aljube Museum) or the early hours of the 8th (Wikipedia).

The February 1927 Revolt against the Military Dictatorship

• The executions by the fountain in Largo do Rato come only from Wikipedia; the Aljube Museum mentions people shot without saying where.

The February 1927 Revolt in Lisbon

• The day it was founded: 12 March 1927, according to Wikipedia; the Aljube Museum says only March. The manifesto “Ao País” dates from July.

Exiles create the League for the Defence of the Republic (the “Paris League”)

• The year she became the magazine’s editor: 1928 (Virgínia Baptista, Wikipedia) or 1930 (the CIG, which gives 1928 as the year she joined “O Século”). This entry uses 1928.

Maria Lamas takes over “Modas e Bordados”

• The day, 24 June 1928, and the venue of the opening session, the Lisbon Shopkeepers’ Commercial Association, come only from Wikipedia.
• Where the Lisbon Shopkeepers’ Commercial Association had its headquarters in 1928.

Second Feminist and Education Congress

• How long it stayed open: one month (A Voz do Operário) or two months (Wikipedia).

Maria Lamas organises the exhibition “Mulheres Portuguesas” (Portuguese Women)

• Where the shootings took place: the source only locates the hotel, on Rua do Comércio.

Deaths in the repression of May Day 1931 in Lisbon

• Which units rose up: Light Infantry Regiment No. 7, Caçadores 7 (Aljube Museum, Wikipedia), or Machine Guns 1 and Light Artillery 3, with Caçadores 7 on the government side (a study by the General Secretariat of the Ministry of Finance).

The “reviralho” revolt of 26 August 1931 in Lisbon

• The day of the move to the new building: FCSH+Lisboa speaks only of the 1933–1934 school year.

The first girls’ secondary school moves into a building of its own

• Which women could vote: the decree-law refers to the electoral register without listing them; the Assembly of the Republic speaks of those with a special, secondary or higher education; Irene Flunser Pimentel adds single women with their own income, women heads of household and married women who paid a certain amount of property tax. This entry follows Irene Flunser Pimentel.

Decree-Law No. 24 631: some women can vote and be elected to the National Assembly

• The Memorial 2019 page also says that Caxias Fort came under the PVDE’s direct administration in 1934, together with the Aljube and Peniche; this entry follows the date it gives for the South Redoubt, January 1935.

Caxias’s South Redoubt passes to the political police

• The day of the opening session: 11 January 1935, according to the captions of the Assembly of the Republic’s photographs; other sources give 10 January.
• Which women were able to vote in 1934: those with a special, secondary or higher education, according to the Assembly of the Republic; the historian Irene Flunser Pimentel adds unmarried women over 21 with their own income or who worked, heads of household, and married women who paid a certain amount of property tax.

The National Assembly opens, with the first three women deputies

• The year it was founded: 1935, according to the Lisbon Civil Government file (constituted on 10 November 1935); the MDM gives 1936.

Establishment of the Portuguese Women’s Association for Peace

• When the Women’s Portuguese Youth was born: with Law No. 1941, of 11 April 1936, says Decree-Law No. 171/74, which abolished it (quoted by the 25 April Documentation Centre); with Decree-Law No. 28 262, of 8 December 1937, according to the historian Irene Pimentel, quoted by the Hemeroteca Municipal de Lisboa (Lisbon Municipal Newspaper Library).

Law No. 1941 creates the Portuguese Youth (Mocidade Portuguesa)

• The number of dead: 12 (Aljube Museum; the Wikipedia summary) or 10 (the body of the Wikipedia article and the Fundação Mário Soares chronology it cites).
• The aim: to take the ships to republican Spain (Wikipedia, Fundação Mário Soares) or to storm the prisons in the Azores and form a provisional government there (Aljube Museum).
• Where on the Tagus the ships were anchored.

The Sailors’ Revolt on the Tagus

• The time: 10:25 (Diário de Notícias) or “around 10 o’clock” (António de Araújo, in the Observador).

Bomb attack on Salazar on Avenida Barbosa du Bocage

• The month of the escape: the source writes “Held in the Aljube, in May 1938, he managed to escape”, which could also mean that May is the month he entered the Aljube.

Francisco de Paula Oliveira Júnior (“Pavel”) escapes from the Aljube

• The names of the people put on display, which are in the Overseas Historical Archive according to Cláudia Castelo; none of the sources consulted publishes them.

The Colonial Section opens, with 138 people from the colonies put on display to the public

• The year: according to the 50 Years Commemorative Commission, the curros were built “from 1943”; Memória Comum says “at the beginning of the forties, probably in 1943”.

Construction of the Aljube “curros” (isolation cells)

• Which factories stopped: the source names only the CUF, in Barreiro.

The 1943 wave of strikes begins in the Lisbon region

• Where the House of the Students of Angola, where the CEI was made official, was located in 1944: the sources do not say whether it was already the building on Avenida Duque de Ávila.

The House of the Students of the Empire is made official

• On what day in 1945 the “Diário de Lisboa” published “As mulheres e o movimento de oposição”.
• When the MUD’s Women’s Committee was formed and where it met.
• The lists Maria Lamas signed in 1945, her “first political act”: those for the founding of the MUD, according to A Voz do Operário; those of the MUD Juvenil (Youth Movement of Democratic Unity), according to Virgínia Baptista, the MDM and Maria Lamas herself, in an interview quoted by Gerador. The MUD Juvenil was only formed in 1946, according to the Aljube Museum; this entry follows A Voz do Operário.

Women in the Movement of Democratic Unity

• The year of her election: July 1945 (Virgínia Baptista; the CIG and the MDM also say 1945) or 1946 (Gerador). This entry uses 1945.

Maria Lamas becomes president of the CNMP

• Where the Almirante Reis Republican School Centre was in 1945.

Founding of the Movement of Democratic Unity (MUD)

• Where the José Estêvão Republican Centre was: Octávio Pato places the meeting in Lumiar, but no source gives the address.

The MUD Juvenil is formally constituted

• Who was arrested with her: the Aljube Museum places other members of the MUD Central Committee with her in the arrest of December 1946; Wikipedia, in that of January 1948.
• Where she was held in December 1946.

Isabel Aboim Inglez arrested by the PIDE for the first time

• The year: 1947 (Virgínia Baptista, Teresa Joaquim, the CIG and the Aljube Museum, on its page about Maria Lamas) or 1946 (the Aljube Museum, on its International Women’s Day page). This entry uses 1947.

Exhibition of Books Written by Women

• Who ordered the Council to be closed: the Judicial Police (Virgínia Baptista, Gerador), the Lisbon Civil Government (Wikipedia), “the police” or “the police forces” (FCSH+Lisboa, CIG) or “Salazar’s government” (Teresa Joaquim); no source cites the order.
• When Maria Lamas was forced to choose between “Modas e Bordados” and the Council: after the 1947 exhibition (CIG) or a few months after her election, in 1945 (Wikipedia). This entry follows the CIG; Virgínia Baptista says she left the magazine in 1947.

The police close down the National Council of Portuguese Women

• The year and the reason: 1948, by order of the police and the Ministry of Education (Fundação Mário Soares e Maria Barroso; Centro Nacional de Cultura); the English Wikipedia places her removal around 1946, after a performance in Coimbra.

Maria Barroso removed from the Teatro Nacional D. Maria II

• When the MUD was banned: by an order of April 1947, served in 1948 (Aljube Museum); Wikipedia says “in 1946” and Virgínia Baptista speaks of the “extinction of the MUD” in January 1948. This entry follows the Aljube Museum.

The MUD is declared illegal

• How many instalments came out: 15 (Virgínia Baptista) or 24 (Teresa Joaquim).
• When the last instalment came out: in April 1950 (the 50 Years Commemorative Commission; according to Teresa Joaquim, printing finished on 15 April) or in May 1950 (MDM). This entry follows the Commission.
• Who belongs to the group “a doméstica” in “As Mulheres do Meu País” — housewives, domestic servants, or both: the 50 Years Commemorative Commission gives only the names of the five groups, and says that the book deals with “the living conditions of Portuguese working women”.

Publication of Maria Lamas’s “As Mulheres do Meu País” (The Women of My Country)

• Where the meeting was held: the source does not say. On the same day, according to Casa Comum, there was a campaign rally at the Voz do Operário, but no source says it was the same meeting.
• Whether the “Feminist Committee” the CIG mentions, in connection with Cesina Bermudes’s speech in Santarém, is the campaign’s Women’s Committee: the CIG does not say.

Meeting of the Women’s Committee of Norton de Matos’s campaign

• The day: 28 January 1949 is the date Casa Comum gives the photograph; no other source dates the rally.

Norton de Matos rally at the Voz do Operário

• Whether the rally really took place on 10 February, the date Casa Comum gives the photographs (the Aljube Museum says “February 1949”): according to Wikipedia, on 7 February a delegates’ assembly had already decided that Norton de Matos would not go to the polls.

Norton de Matos campaign rally at the Voz do Operário, with Maria Lamas and Cesina Bermudes

• The day of the withdrawal: 12 February (Wikipedia) or “three days before the elections”, that is, 10 February (Aljube Museum). This entry follows Wikipedia.

Norton de Matos withdraws from the presidential election

• Whether Maria Barroso was at the Aljube that day: the sources only say that the proxy wedding took place in the prison where Soares was held.

Mário Soares and Maria Barroso marry by proxy in the Aljube prison

• How long she was held: from 7 to 24 December (Portuguese Wikipedia) or several months, in isolation (English Wikipedia); the Aljube Museum and the MDM confirm the 1949 arrest, in Caxias, but not the dates. This entry follows the Portuguese Wikipedia.
• How many times she was arrested: three (Aljube Museum, MDM) or four — in 1949, 1950, 1951 and 1953 (Virgínia Baptista).

Arrest of Maria Lamas and members of the National Democratic Movement

• The day of his death: 2 January 1950 (Aljube Museum, Memória Comum) or 3 January (Wikidata). This entry follows the museum and Memória Comum.
• How long he was held in strict isolation: “nine months”, according to the Aljube Museum — the time from his arrest, on 25 March 1949, to his death; from his transfer to the Penitentiary, on 10 May, to his death is less than eight months.
• His age: the Aljube Museum writes 54, but the dates it gives (13 August 1896 and 2 January 1950) make 53.

Death of Militão Ribeiro in the Lisbon Penitentiary

• The sentence Cunhal received: the sources cited say only that he remained in prison for eleven consecutive years, and the Aljube Museum writes that he was “sentenced to eleven years in prison”.
• When he was moved from the Penitentiary to Peniche: on 27 July 1956, according to the caption of his prisoner record card on the PCP website; in 1958, according to Lisbon City Council.
• How long Cunhal was held incommunicado: “in the first fourteen months of this detention”, writes Lisbon City Council; from his arrest, on 25 March 1949, to the trial, on 2 May 1950, is thirteen months and a week.

Álvaro Cunhal and Sofia Ferreira tried by the Plenary Court

• The number and years of the arrests: three, “between 1949 and 1962”, according to the Aljube Museum; the MDM gives 1949, 1950 and 1953; Wikipedia, 1949, 1950–1951 and 1953, and no source explains the Museum’s “1962”; Virgínia Baptista counts four, with one more in 1951.

Maria Lamas arrested for the second time

• The year the Centre began: 1951, according to António Tomás Medeiros and Wikipedia (article on Alda do Espírito Santo), or 1954, according to Wikipedia (article on the House of the Students of the Empire).

The Centre for African Studies sets up at Rua Actor Vale, 37

• The day of the Batepá massacre: 3 February 1953, according to the Aljube Museum, which the chronology follows; 5 February, in Trindade, according to Memória Comum.

The Batepá massacre in São Tomé

• Where in Lisbon the meeting took place, and who attended.

Clandestine meeting of women in Lisbon on International Women’s Day

• The number of people arrested with her, some fifty, comes only from the MDM.
• That the airport was Lisbon’s, at Portela: the sources say only that she was arrested “at the Airport”, on her return from abroad.
• Her being taken to Caxias and the day of her release come only from Wikipedia.

Maria Lamas arrested at the airport

• The Aljube Museum’s figures differ from one text to another: 375 prisoners and 32 deaths (2023) or 340 prisoners and 34 deaths (2024).

The Tarrafal camp closes (for the first time)

• The day of the arrest, 27 May 1957, comes only from Wikipedia.

Arrest of Aida Magro, underground head of Lisbon’s Eastern Zone

• The day: 16 May, as the plaque in the station says, or 15 May, “the day after” the Porto rally, as the Aljube Museum writes. This entry follows the plaque.

Humberto Delgado arrives at Santa Apolónia

• Delgado’s official percentage: 23% (the 50 Years Commemorative Commission) or 24% (Wikipedia, article on Manuel Serra). This entry follows the Commission.

The 1958 presidential election and the fraud against Humberto Delgado

• The date: 31 July 1958 (Aljube Museum, Memória Comum) or 1 August 1957 (the 50 Years Commemorative Commission). This entry follows the first two, which link the arrest to the strikes against the 1958 electoral fraud.
• The name of the prisoner who died on the third floor in 1950: “João Moreira”, according to the 50 Years Commemorative Commission; José Moreira, who died on 24 January 1950, according to the Aljube Museum and Memória Comum, which this entry follows.

Raul Alves falls from the third floor of the PIDE headquarters

• The place of the arrest — in a taxi, on Avenida da Liberdade, at an unknown point — and the day of the trial, 22 October 1960, come only from Wikipedia; Memória Comum confirms the day of the arrest.
• The date of her release: December 1968, on parole (Wikipedia), or December 1969, after “ten years” in Caxias (Memória Comum).
• Whether she was the “first woman in Portugal to be sentenced to prison for political reasons”, as the CIG says: Memória Comum says she was the first woman sentenced to eight years’ major imprisonment and security measures.

Arrest of Maria Alda Nogueira on Avenida da Liberdade

• The date of the reopening: 14 April 1961 (Aljube Museum, texts from 2024) or June 1961 (Aljube Museum, text from 2023).

Tarrafal reopens for prisoners from the liberation movements

• The dates: 11 and 12 April 1961, according to Wikipedia; the 25 April Documentation Centre gives 13 April.
• Where in Lisbon the outcome of the coup was decided.

The Botelho Moniz coup — the “Abrilada” (April coup) of 1961

• The founding date, 28 April 1961 — Salazar’s birthday — and the headquarters at No. 6 Rua Presidente Arriaga come only from Wikipedia.

Founding of the National Women’s Movement (pro-regime)

• Whether Maria da Nazaré Andrade received her parachutist’s brevet on 8 August, with the other five, or on 23 August 1961, after a sprain: Filipa Moreno Figueiredo Caetano’s dissertation gives both versions.

The “Seis Marias” (Six Marias), the first paratrooper nurses

• Where in Lisbon the leaflets fell.

Operation Vagô: a hijacked plane and leaflets over Lisbon

• Who fired: a joint force of the PIDE, GNR and PSP, according to the Aljube Museum, or the GNR, according to Memória Comum.

Cândido Capilé shot dead at a demonstration in Almada

• The time: 09:35, according to the official report cited by the Aljube Museum; the URAP gives 09:34 in one news item and 10:00 in another. This entry follows the report.

The escape from Caxias in Salazar’s armoured car

• The time: “at nightfall”, according to Voz do Operário, or “in broad daylight”, according to Toponímia de Lisboa.

The PIDE murders the sculptor José Dias Coelho in Alcântara

• The day: 1 January 1962 (25 April Documentation Centre), or the night of 31 December 1961 to 1 January (Wikipedia).

The Beja revolt

• The day of the arrest, her time in Caxias and her cellmates come only from Wikipedia; the CIG says only that she was “arrested and tortured by the PIDE in Lisbon”.

Arrest of Stella Piteira Santos

• Where it broadcast from: Bucharest, in Romania (Aljube Museum), or Algiers (25 April Documentation Centre). This entry follows the museum.

Rádio Portugal Livre begins broadcasting

• The day: 24 March (Aljube Museum, 50 Years Commemorative Commission) or 26 March (25 April Documentation Centre, which puts the ban and the strike together). This entry uses the 24th.

Students’ Day banned: the 1962 academic crisis begins

• The day of the plenary meeting at which Isabel do Carmo spoke.

Declaration of “luto académico” (academic mourning)

• Maria Custódia Chibante’s 75 hours without sleep and Maria Galveias’s eleven days and eleven nights of interrogation come only from Wikipedia; the historian Paula Godinho confirms Maria Custódia’s 98 hours at the PIDE headquarters.

Arrest of the Women of Couço

• How many people demonstrated and how many were arrested.
• Estêvão Giro’s age: the Aljube Museum says he was 25, but gives only his year of birth, 1937 — being 25 requires a birth on or before 1 May 1937.

May Day 1962 in Lisbon’s Baixa

• How many students were arrested in the canteen: about 800 (PSP), 1,200 (student associations) or 1,500 (the Expresso magazine, cited by Wikipedia).

Hunger strike in the Cidade Universitária canteen

• Whether the petition was drawn up or signed at the SPE headquarters.

SPE writers stand in solidarity with the students

• When Eurico Figueiredo was expelled from the university: the Aljube Museum, in its account of his arrest on 28 May 1962, says he never took office in the RIA (Inter-Association Meetings) because he had been expelled; the 50 Years Commemorative Commission and Wikipedia place him among the 21 students excluded for thirty months by an order issued at the end of June.

Arrest of Eurico Figueiredo

• When her exile began: June 1962 (MDM; the Aljube Museum says 1962) or 1961 (Virgínia Baptista and the memoir cited by Gerador).

Maria Lamas in exile in Paris

• The day of the plenary meeting: 15 June (50 Years Commemorative Commission) or 14 June (Wikipedia). This entry follows the Commission.

A plenary meeting at the Técnico suspends the academic mourning

• Where it was founded: in Rome, in the last days of 1962 (Aljube Museum), or in Algiers, at the First Conference of the Opposition Forces (25 April Documentation Centre).

The Patriotic Front for National Liberation (FPLN) is founded

• When the armed struggle began: 23 January 1963 (Aljube Museum) or April 1963 (25 April Documentation Centre). This entry follows the museum.

The PAIGC begins the armed struggle in Guinea

• Exactly where the Café Palladium was in 1964: Memória Comum says only “next to the Glória lift”.

Death of David Almeida Reis by the Elevador da Glória

• The day the armed struggle began: 25 September 1964, according to the 25 April Documentation Centre, which this entry follows; the 24th, according to the 50 Years Commemorative Commission.

FRELIMO begins the armed struggle in Mozambique

• Where they were killed: near Badajoz (Aljube Museum, 25 April Documentation Centre) or near Olivença (National Pantheon).

The PIDE murders Humberto Delgado and Arajaryr Campos

• Where the detained jurors were taken: to Caxias, according to the Aljube Museum; the memorial of the Portuguese Writers’ Association says only that they were “held at the orders” of the PIDE.

The Portuguese Society of Writers is dissolved and its headquarters raided

• The month of the closure: August 1965 (50 Years Commemorative Commission), “July/August” (Aljube Museum) or “summer of 1965” (Memória Comum).

The Aljube political prison closes

• The day: 6 September 1965 comes only from Wikipedia; the other sources give “September 1965” (Buala) or only the year.

Closure of the House of the Students of the Empire

• The year of the conviction: 1970, according to Luiz Fagundes Duarte’s chronology in “O Essencial sobre Natália Correia” (Imprensa Nacional), which gives the start of the trial, on 3 June 1969, and the sentence, on 21 March 1970; the Aljube Museum and RTP Ensina place the conviction in 1966, the year of the book. This entry follows the Imprensa Nacional.

Natália Correia publishes the “Antologia de Poesia Portuguesa Erótica e Satírica”, which the censors seize

• When the National Commission for Aid to Political Prisoners was founded: 1969, according to the Assembly of the Republic; but Helena Pato’s biography at the Aljube Museum already mentions her activity in the “Commission for Aid to Political Prisoners” before she was arrested, in June 1967.

Arrest of Helena Pato

• How and when it was born: at an assembly in the Padaria do Povo, in 1968, according to the MDM itself; Wikipedia has it born of the opposition’s women’s electoral committees, and the Aljube Museum, in its biography of Helena Pato, dates the founding to 1969.

The Democratic Women’s Movement is founded

• The day the strike began: the Aljube Museum says only that the three-day struggle ended on 3 July; the entry gives only the month.
• At which Carris depots the bags were left.

The “Greve da Mala” (Cash-Bag Strike) at Lisbon’s Carris

• The day of the appointment: 6 September 1968, according to the 25 April Documentation Centre; the footage in the RTP archive shows the government being sworn in on 27 September and the statement to the nation on the 28th.

Marcelo Caetano succeeds Salazar as head of government

• When the vigil began: on the night of 31 December 1968, according to the 50 Years Commemorative Commission, or on 1 January 1969, according to António de Araújo (“Lusitania Sacra”).
• Who set the “Cantata da Paz” to music: Francisco Fernandes, according to the 50 Years Commemorative Commission; Rui Paz, based on an African-American spiritual, according to Francisco Fanhais and Eloísa Aragão’s thesis.

Vigil for peace in the Church of São Domingos

• The year of Sophia’s candidacy: 1969, the year of the elections, according to the Assembly of the Republic; the Aljube Museum says 1968.
• Maria Barroso’s list: the CEUD, according to the Assembly of the Republic; the CDE, in the Santarém constituency, according to the chronology of the Mário Soares and Maria Barroso Foundation.
• When the National Commission for Aid to Political Prisoners was founded: 1969, according to the Assembly of the Republic; but Helena Pato’s biography at the Aljube Museum already mentions her activity in the “Commission for Aid to Political Prisoners” before she was arrested, in June 1967.

Sophia de Mello Breyner and Maria Barroso stand as opposition candidates

• Where in the Serra de Sintra the women gathered.

Women gather in the Serra de Sintra on Women’s Day

• The day of the first programme: 26 May 1969 in the RTP Arquivos video; the photograph of Almada Negreiros on that broadcast, also from RTP Arquivos, is dated 24 May.

“Zip-Zip” premieres on RTP, recorded before a live audience at the Villaret Theatre

• The year of the conviction: 1970, according to “O Essencial sobre Natália Correia” (Imprensa Nacional), which gives the dates of the trial; the Aljube Museum and RTP Ensina date it to 1966, the year of the book. This entry follows the Imprensa Nacional.
• Natália’s sentence: 90 days in prison commuted to a fine, according to the Imprensa Nacional chronology, which gives the details of the sentence; a suspended prison sentence, according to the Assembly of the Republic, the Aljube Museum and the same Imprensa Nacional in another passage; a three-year suspended sentence, according to FCSH+Lisboa. This entry follows the Imprensa Nacional chronology.

Natália Correia tried at the Plenary Court over the “Antologia”

• Where in Lisbon the CDE rallies were held.

Campaign of the Lisbon Democratic Electoral Commission (CDE)

• The day: the 25 April Documentation Centre gives 17 November 1969; this entry uses 24 November, the day the decree was published in the Diário do Governo.

The PIDE is renamed the Directorate-General of Security

• The day of the appointment: 20 August 1970, according to Wikipedia, the same day on which “A Capital” reported the news; Observador says only August 1970.

Maria Teresa Lobo, the first woman in a Portuguese government

• The day of the explosions: the operation began at 21:45 on 26 October and the charges were set for 05:00 on the 27th (Wikipedia); the Aljube Museum dates the communiqué claiming the action to the 26th.

The ARA sabotages the ship “Cunene” in the Alcântara dock

• The day: the bombs went off in the early hours of 21 November 1970, according to Mensagem de Lisboa; the date recorded here, 20 November, is Wikipedia’s.

Three ARA bombs in Lisbon

• The day: 21 November 1970, according to the Aljube Museum; the attack on Conakry is often dated the 22nd, because the landing took place on the night of the 21st to the 22nd.

Operation Green Sea (Operação Mar Verde): the invasion of Conakry

• The year it opened: 1971 (Aljube Museum, FCSH+Lisboa, Imprensa Nacional) or 1968 (the FCSH+Lisboa itinerary “Graça em estado de graça”). This entry uses 1971, the year given by most sources and that of the company that owned the bar, formed by Natália Correia and Isabel Meyrelles.

Natália Correia opens the Botequim, in Graça

• How many aircraft were hit: “the entire helicopter fleet and some training planes” (25 April Documentation Centre); 28, thirteen of them beyond repair, according to Wikipedia, which elsewhere speaks of 16 helicopters and 11 planes.

The ARA destroys helicopters at Tancos Air Base

• The day of the presentation session: RTP reported on it on 18 May 1971.
• When Teresa Paula Brito sang these songs at the Coliseu and was booed: the musicologist Luís Freitas Branco does not give the date.

Teresa Paula Brito sings “Minha Senhora de Mim” (My Lady of Myself), by Maria Teresa Horta

• Where the telecommunications exchange that was attacked was located.

The ARA cuts Lisbon’s telecommunications during the NATO meeting

• Where Estúdios Cor was located.
• The day the book came out, in April 1972: the sources say only that it was withdrawn three days later; the censors’ report on the book is dated 26 May 1972.

The “Novas Cartas Portuguesas” (New Portuguese Letters) are published

• The day the pigs were released on the Rossio: the Aljube Museum says only that it was after the re-election of Américo Tomás on 25 July 1972.
• Where the fifteen Berliet lorries were destroyed.

The Revolutionary Brigades release “admiral” pigs on the Rossio

• When it came out and was banned: the “Diário de Notícias” says it was only published in September 1972; the Aljube Museum says it came out in 1971 and was banned three days later.

The censors ban “Os Sobreviventes” (The Survivors), by Sérgio Godinho

• The name of the man the students took for an informer: Fernando Lopes Manuel, as he identified himself (Ribeiro Santos’s biography at the Aljube Museum), or Vítor Manuel Lopes (a 2020 Aljube Museum text).
• Where he was hit: in the back (Memória Comum, the 50 Years Commemorative Commission) or with two shots to the chest (Toponímia de Lisboa). This entry follows the first two.
• The 25 April Documentation Centre calls him an engineering student, killed “during a demonstration”. This entry follows the Aljube Museum, Memória Comum and the 50 Years Commemorative Commission: a law student, killed at a meeting at the ISCEF.

Student Ribeiro Santos shot dead by the PIDE/DGS at the ISCEF

• How many people attended the funeral: “thousands” (Aljube Museum, the 50 Years Commemorative Commission) or about five thousand (Toponímia de Lisboa).

Funeral of Ribeiro Santos

• How many people the police took to the station: 91, in the usual account; 74 identified, according to the police; some 40 present at the end of the day, according to the participants (all quoted by António de Araújo); about 60 according to Wikipedia and about fifty according to RTP Ensina.
• Whether Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen was in the chapel: Eloísa Aragão’s thesis (University of São Paulo) says she took part in the vigil; António de Araújo names her among the signatories of the solidarity petitions.

The Capela do Rato vigil against the colonial war

• Where she was arrested: the sources say only that it was after a students’ meeting.

Arrest of Aurora Rodrigues

• The day of the vote at the NOW conference: Wikipedia says only June 1973.

The Three Marias, the first international feminist cause

• The day the visit began: 15 July (Aljube Museum) or 16 July (25 April Association). This entry follows the museum.

Caetano in London amid the Wiriyamu revelations

• The day the UN recognised independence: 26 October 1973 (Aljube Museum), when the debate in the General Assembly began, or 2 November, when the resolution was voted on (António Duarte Silva). This entry follows the day of the vote.

The PAIGC unilaterally proclaims the independence of Guinea-Bissau

• The interrogation floor: “the fourth floor”, in Maria José Morgado’s account to the Jornal de Notícias; the third floor, according to the 50 Years Commemorative Commission and Memória Comum — perhaps a difference in the way the floors are counted.

Arrest and torture of Maria José Morgado

• Who questioned the authors: the Judicial Police, according to the Aljube Museum, the Diário de Lisboa of May 1974 and Wikipedia, or the PIDE/DGS, according to the 50 Years Commemorative Commission. This entry follows the Judicial Police, which the newspaper of the time already names.

The trial of the Three Marias begins, behind closed doors

• Where Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho was elected to the leadership of the Coordinating Committee: at the Óbidos meeting, on 1 December 1973 (the 50 Years Commemorative Commission), or at the Costa da Caparica meeting, on 5 December (25 April Association).

The Óbidos meeting enlarges the Coordinating Committee

• The day of the arrest, 6 December 1973, and the attempt to flee to Paris come only from Wikipedia, which cites “Os Últimos Presos do Estado Novo” (The Last Prisoners of the Estado Novo), by Joana Pereira Bastos; Eloísa Aragão’s thesis (University of São Paulo) confirms her imprisonment in Caxias at the end of 1973 and her release with 25 April.

Arrest of Maria da Conceição Moita

• The day and the venue of the premiere of “Lisboa 72-74” (the Teatro Estúdio de Lisboa had its home at the Vasco Santana Theatre, in the Feira Popular funfair).

“Somos Livres” (We Are Free): Ermelinda Duarte’s song is born in the theatre

• The day: the clipping from “O Século” says “yesterday”, but bears no date, and the Casa Comum dates it to 1974; it was after 7 May, when the Women’s Liberation Movement was born. Wikipedia dates the record to December 1974, with a doubt.

“Mulheres Guerrilheiras” (Guerrilla Women): the MLM launches a feminist record at the Vasco Santana Theatre

• The title of the document: “O Movimento, as Forças Armadas e a Nação” (50 Years Commemorative Commission, 25 April Association) or “Os Militares, as Forças Armadas e a Nação” (the CD25A’s Illustrated Chronology); this entry follows the Commission, which reproduces the document.

The Cascais meeting: the coup becomes irreversible

• Who presented it: Glória de Matos and Artur Agostinho, according to the two RTP Arquivos items and the Wikipedia text; the infobox on the same Wikipedia page gives Henrique Mendes, whom the voting table places on the selection jury.

“E Depois do Adeus” (And After the Goodbye) wins the Grande Prémio TV da Canção (TV Song Grand Prix), at the Maria Matos Theatre

• The day of the two generals’ dismissal: 14 March, the day of the ceremony (the CD25A’s Illustrated Chronology; the 25 April Association records the announcement on that day), or 15 March (50 Years Commemorative Commission; 25 April Association); this entry follows the 25 April Association: announcement on the 14th, dismissal on the 15th.

The “Rheumatic Brigade” and the dismissal of Spínola and Costa Gomes

• Where Captain Candeias Valente’s house, in which the meeting was held, stood.

Last meeting of the Movement’s Coordinating Committee

• The day: 29 March (Casa Comum, which dates the photographs of the concert, and Wikipedia) or 28 March 1974 (25 April Association); this entry follows Casa Comum.

The 1st Portuguese Song Meeting at the Coliseu

• The exact spot where the first carnation was handed over: the start of Rua do Carmo (“Diário de Notícias”, CNN Portugal), in front of the Tabacaria Caravela (“Diário de Notícias”), the corner with Rua Garrett (“A Mensagem de Lisboa”) or the Rossio (Lusa, in the “Diário de Coimbra”); this entry follows Rua do Carmo, where most accounts place it.

Celeste Caeiro and the carnations

• The time: 03:15 (25 April Association, “Lugares de Abril”; Jofre Alves) or 03:50 (25 April Association, “Movimentações do dia 25 de Abril”); this entry follows the first.
• Frederico Morais’s exact words to the Command Post: “we have occupied TOKYO without any incident” (ocupámos TÓQUIO sem qualquer incidente; 25 April Association, “Lugares de Abril”), which this entry follows, or “Reporting we have occupied TOKYO without any incident” (Informo ocupamos TÓQUIO sem qualquer incidente; 25 April Association, “Movimentações do dia 25 de Abril”).

Occupation of the Emissora Nacional

• The time: 03:20, that of the confirmation to the Command Post (25 April Association, “Lugares de Abril”), 03:12 (Jofre Alves), 03:30 (50 Years Commemorative Commission) or 03:32 (25 April Association, “Movimentações do dia 25 de Abril”); this entry follows the first.

Occupation of Rádio Clube Português

• The time: 04:25 is that of the message to the Command Post (25 April Association); the 50 Years Commemorative Commission has the airport under control at 04:00, and Jofre Alves places the occupation at 04:20.

Occupation of the airport and closure of the airspace

• The time: 04:26, according to the 25 April Association, the 50 Years Commemorative Commission and Jofre Alves (the one followed here); the Aljube Museum gives 04:20.

Rádio Clube Português reads the MFA’s first communiqué

• The time Caetano arrived at the Carmo: 05:30 (Jofre Alves) or 06:00 (25 April Association, Aljube Museum); the time given, 05:00, is that of Silva Pais’s first telephone call.

Silva Pais warns Caetano: “the Revolution is out in the streets”

• The time: 05:50 (Jofre Alves), 06:00 (50 Years Commemorative Commission; 25 April Association, “Movimentações do dia 25 de Abril”) or 06:10 (25 April Association, “Lugares de Abril”); this entry uses 06:00.

Salgueiro Maia’s column occupies the Terreiro do Paço

• Who prevented the firing: the executive officer, Lieutenant Fernando Caldeira dos Santos (25 April Association, “Lugares de Abril”; Jofre Alves calls him Fernando Ferreira dos Santos), the commanding officer himself, who claimed there were a lot of people in the Terreiro do Paço (25 April Association, “Movimentações do dia 25 de Abril”), or the crew, which the 50 Years Commemorative Commission says was “with the Movement”.

The frigate “Almirante Gago Coutinho” on the Tagus

• The time: 10:30 (50 Years Commemorative Commission) or 10:45 (Jofre Alves, 25 April Association); this entry uses 10:45.

Rua do Arsenal: the brigadier assaults Lieutenant Assunção

• The time: 13:30, that of the surrender (Portuguese Commission of Military History), or “at around 14:00”, that of the occupation of the building (25 April Association); this entry follows the time of the surrender.

Surrender of the Portuguese Legion command

• The time of the ultimatum: 15:10 (50 Years Commemorative Commission, 25 April Association, Jofre Alves) or 15:00, with fifteen minutes to comply (Aljube Museum); the CD25A has the deadline expiring at 16:30; this entry uses 15:10.

Ultimatum and bursts of fire at the façade of the Carmo Barracks

• The time Spínola arrived at the Carmo: 17:45 (CD25A, 50 Years Commemorative Commission) or 18:00 (25 April Association, Aljube Museum); the 25 April Association (“Lugares de Abril”) places the handover of power at 18:30.
• The time the Chaimite left: 19:30 (CD25A, 50 Years Commemorative Commission, Jofre Alves) or 19:35 (25 April Association); according to Jofre Alves, it did not reach Pontinha until 21:00; this entry uses 19:30.

Spínola at the Carmo; Caetano leaves in the Chaimite “Bula”

• The time: 20:00 (CD25A), 20:10 (Esquerda.net), around 20:15 (25 April Association), around 20:30 (Aljube Museum, Jofre Alves) or 21:00 (Portuguese Commission of Military History; 25 April Association, “Movimentações do dia 25 de Abril”); the Aljube Museum’s “#nestedia” (on this day) speaks of “late morning”; the time recorded here, 20:00, is the CD25A’s.
• Whether they were the only fatal victims of the revolution, as the 25 April Association says: Jofre Alves also records a DGS employee shot dead by a soldier at around 21:30 while trying to escape, without giving his name.

PIDE/DGS gunfire kills four people on Rua António Maria Cardoso

• The time: 22:00, with the prison already surrounded (Jofre Alves), or 23:00, that of the landing at Portela (25 April Association); this entry follows the time of the landing.

Paratroopers head for Caxias prison

• The time: around 09:00 (25 April Association, “Lugares de Abril”) or 09:30 (50 Years Commemorative Commission; Portuguese Commission of Military History; 25 April Association, “Movimentações do dia 25 de Abril”); the summary goes no further than the morning of the 26th.
• Who spoke to Silva Pais on the telephone: Spínola, according to the 50 Years Commemorative Commission and the 25 April Documentation Centre; the former Interior Minister César Moreira Baptista, held at Pontinha, at Spínola’s request, on the night of the 25th, according to the 25 April Association (“Movimentações do dia 25 de Abril”).

Surrender and occupation of the DGS headquarters

• The day: 26 April, at 07:30 (50 Years Commemorative Commission, 25 April Association), or 27 April (the CD25A’s Illustrated Chronology); this entry uses the 26th.

The MFA Programme is made public

• The number released: 82 — 78 prisoners and four from the prison hospital (“República” of 27 April, cited by Álvaro Arranja) — or 85 (50 Years Commemorative Commission); this entry follows “República”.

Caxias is taken and the political prisoners are released

• The day: 26 April (the CD25A’s Illustrated Chronology, which puts Caxias and Peniche together) or the early hours of the 27th (Aljube Museum, 50 Years Commemorative Commission, the press of the time cited by Álvaro Arranja); this entry uses the 27th.

The political prisoners of Peniche Fortress are released

• Whether José Mário Branco and Luís Cília came on the same plane as Álvaro Cunhal, as several biographies say: the RTP report does not say so.

José Mário Branco and Luís Cília arrive from exile and are welcomed with “Grândola”

• The day she was sworn in: the First Provisional Government was sworn in on 16 May 1974 (CD25A), and a photograph in the Archive of the Assembly of the Republic shows her at that ceremony; the Government’s historical archive records swearing-in ceremonies on 15 and 17 May.

Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo, Secretary of State for Social Security

• The day of the meeting: RTP broadcast the report on 6 May 1974.

The 1st Free Popular Song Meeting, in Porto

• The day: RTP Arquivos dates the recording broadcast by the Emissora Nacional to 24 May 1974, without saying whether that is the day of the show or of the broadcast.

A “free singing” show at the São Luiz Theatre

• Whether there were Guineans in Tarrafal on 1 May 1974: the 50 Years Commemorative Commission counts 50 Angolans and 14 Cape Verdeans in the camp at the time of the revolution (the 62 Guinean prisoners were on Galinhas Island), but writes that on 1 May “Angolan, Guinean and Cape Verdean” prisoners were freed.

Release of the Tarrafal prisoners

• The day: 27 May, the date of Decree-Law No. 217/74 (the one followed here); the Illustrated Chronology of the 25 April Documentation Centre gives 26 May.

The first national minimum wage is set

• Elina Guimarães dates the decrees that opened the judiciary and diplomacy to women to 12 July 1974; the “Diário do Governo” (Government Gazette) published Decree-Law No. 251/74 on 12 June and No. 308/74 on 6 July.

Decree-Law No. 251/74 opens the judiciary to women

• The day she was sworn in: 18 July 1974, the day the Second Provisional Government was sworn in (CD25A); the Government’s historical archive and the Pintasilgo Archive count her term from 17 July.
• Whether she was the first woman minister in Portugal, as is often said.

Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo, Minister of Social Affairs

• The CD25A’s Illustrated Chronology gives the promulgation as 28 August; this entry follows the text of the decree, promulgated on the 23rd and dated 27 August.

Decree-Law No. 392/74 regulates the right to strike

• The day: 7 September, the date the agreement bears, signed in Lusaka; the CD25A’s Illustrated Chronology gives 6 September.

The Lusaka Agreement sets Mozambique’s independence for 25 June 1975

• The day: 10 September, that of the presidential declaration, published on the 11th; the CD25A’s Illustrated Chronology gives 9 September.

Portugal recognises the independence of Guinea-Bissau

• The year: 1975, according to the Democratic Women’s Movement; the CIG gives no date, and says that Maria Antónia Fiadeiro began writing for the magazine in 1974.

Maria Lamas returns to “Modas e Bordados” (Fashions and Embroidery) as honorary editor

• The exact spot in the park where the women were surrounded; they had set out from Madalena Barbosa’s home, at the top of Parque Eduardo VII.
• How many men surrounded them: “about 2,000”, says Comunidade Cultura e Arte, without saying where the figure comes from.

MLM feminist demonstration attacked in Parque Eduardo VII

• Where the headquarters of the Commission on the Status of Women stood in Lisbon in the 1970s.

The Commission on the Status of Women is created

• When the occupation began: in the wake of 11 March (50 Years Commemorative Commission) or on 25 May 1975 (the CD25A’s Illustrated Chronology); this entry follows the Commission.
• Whether the Lisbon studios that were occupied were the ones on Rua Capelo, where Renascença was based in 1974.

The “Renascença affair”

• The time of the attack on RAL 1: at around 11:45 (RTP, “Memórias da Revolução”) or “shortly before 12:00” (Ricardo Noronha, “Ler História”); and the number of wounded: 14 (50 Years Commemorative Commission) or 15 (RTP).

The Spinolist coup of 11 March fails

• The day the Council of the Revolution was sworn in: 17 March 1975 (50 Years Commemorative Commission) or 20 March (CD25A, which transcribes Costa Gomes’s speech at the swearing-in).

Creation of the Council of the Revolution and nationalisation of the banks

• The day the PS ministers left the Government: 10 July (50 Years Commemorative Commission) or 16 July (the CD25A’s Illustrated Chronology).

The “República affair” begins

• Whether the husband’s authorisation for his wife to travel abroad remained in force until 25 April, as the “Memórias da Revolução” say: according to Elina Guimarães, the requirement for the passport had ended in 1969.

The new divorce law

• The year the PAIGC was founded: 1956 (19 September), according to the 50 Years Commemorative Commission’s dossier on the war, which this entry follows, as does the glossary; 1959, according to the Aljube Museum; another page of the same Commission gives 1954.

Independence of Cape Verde

• Memória Comum dates independence to 12 June; the CD25A and the Aljube Museum, to 12 July, the date followed here.

Independence of São Tomé and Príncipe

• The day: 19 July 1975 (50 Years Commemorative Commission, which publishes a photograph of the rally with that date) or 19 June (RTP, “Memórias da Revolução”); this entry follows the Commission.

PS rally at the Fonte Luminosa

• Since when the workers had been occupying the station: since 25 May (the CD25A’s Illustrated Chronology) or since just after 11 March (50 Years Commemorative Commission); the entry on the “Renascença affair” follows the Commission.

Soldiers blow up the Rádio Renascença transmitters

• The day of the broadcast: 4 February 1976 (RTP Arquivos, which holds the programme) or May 1976 (the CIG’s biography of Lia Viegas); this entry follows RTP.
• The date on which the verdict acquitting Maria Antónia Palla was read.

RTP broadcasts “O Aborto não é um Crime” (Abortion Is Not a Crime), by Maria Antónia Palla

• The PCP’s share of the vote: 14.39% (Assembly of the Republic) or 14.6% (the CD25A’s Illustrated Chronology); this entry follows the Assembly.

The first legislative elections

• The day it was sworn in: 23 July 1976 (the Government’s historical archive; the Assembly of the Republic places it in July) or 23 September (the CD25A’s Illustrated Chronology); this entry follows the Government’s archive.

Mário Soares’s First Constitutional Government is sworn in

• The month of promulgation: 6 October 1977, as the decree-law itself states; the Assembly of the Republic writes “November”, the month in which it was published. This entry follows the decree.

Revision of the Civil Code ends the “head of the family”

• The day she was sworn in: the Government’s historical archive gives the prime minister’s swearing-in as 31 July 1979 and the ministers’ as 1 August; RTP Arquivos shows her being sworn in with the Government, on 1 August, at the Palácio da Ajuda. This entry uses 1 August.

Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo, the first woman prime minister

• The day of the concert: Lisbon City Council gives only the year, 1980.
• Lisbon City Council writes “Luísa Bastos”; it is read as Luísa Basto.

“Os 10 Magníficos” (The Magnificent Ten) at the Coliseu, for the ten years of the CGTP-IN

• The day of the debate: 2 March 1982 (Assembly of the Republic) or 3 March (Polígrafo, which read the minutes); this entry follows the Assembly.
• When the poem became public: in the “Diário de Lisboa” of 5 March 1982, according to the Assembly of the Republic’s page, or of 5 April, according to Polígrafo.

The first parliamentary debate on abortion, and Natália Correia’s poem

• The day: 16 October 1982, according to Wikipedia and the date of the RTP news item on the twentieth anniversary; Lisbon City Council says only “in 1982”.

Adriano Correia de Oliveira dies

• Whether the construction of the memorial began after August 2025.

Lisbon City Council approves the Memorial to Political Prisoners and the Politically Persecuted in Largo da Boa-Hora

• The day of her death: 15 November 2024 (Lusa, Renascença); the “Correio da Manhã” gives the 16th, but reports that she was found “this morning [Friday]”, which was the 15th. This entry uses the 15th.

Celeste Caeiro, the woman of the carnations, dies